Having a basic understanding of the physical forces behind trauma will help you to begin to suspect injuries that may not always be obvious.  In this first podcast, of a three part series, we will look at how Newton (the scientist, not the fig guy!) is important to the paramedic as well as the role the multiple collisions that take place during trauma can increase the incidence of trauma. 

Having a basic understanding of the physical forces behind trauma will help you to begin to suspect injuries that may not always be obvious.  In this first podcast, of a three part series, we will look at how Newton (the scientist, not the fig guy!) is important to the paramedic as well as the role the multiple collisions that take place during trauma can increase the incidence of trauma.

The Physics of Trauma Part 1

In this episode we will take a look at the signs and symptoms of compartment syndrome.  We'll also take a look at the types of fractures and how they might impact your patient.

In this episode we will take a look at the signs and symptoms of compartment syndrome.  We'll also take a look at the types of fractures and how they might impact your patient.

Orthopedic Emergencies-Compartment Syndrome and the Various Types of Fractures

In this extended podcast, we take a look at the causes, pathophysiologies and treatments of some of the more common classifications of shock that you might see in your pediatric patient. 

In this extended podcast, we take a look at the causes, pathophysiologies and treatments of some of the more common classifications of shock that you might see in your pediatric patient.

Shock in the Pediatric Patient Part 2 of 2

The early recognition of shock in the pediatric patient is imperative to the survival of your young patient. It's is important to remember that this condition does not always exhibit itself the same as it would in the adult.  In this first of a multi-podcast series, we will take a look at pathophysiology of shock and how to recognize some of the subtle symptoms. 

The early recognition of shock in the pediatric patient is imperative to the survival of your young patient. It's is important to remember that this condition does not always exhibit itself the same as it would in the adult.  In this first of a multi-podcast series, we will take a look at pathophysiology of shock and how to recognize some of the subtle symptoms.

Shock in the Pediatric Patient Part 1

Watching a child struggle to breath is difficult to deal with.  However, what you do in the first few minutes of care could determine the outcome for your patient.  In this episode, we take a brief look at the issue of respiratory distress versus respiratory failure. 

Watching a child struggle to breath is difficult to deal with.  However, what you do in the first few minutes of care could determine the outcome for your patient.  In this episode, we take a brief look at the issue of respiratory distress versus respiratory failure.

Respiratory Distress in the Pediatric Patient

Pediatric cardiac arrests are rare, but can be among the most stressful calls that the paramedic will encounter.  In this podcast, we take a look at the PALS algorithm for dealing with such high risk calls. 

Pediatric cardiac arrests are rare, but can be among the most stressful calls that the paramedic will encounter.  In this podcast, we take a look at the PALS algorithm for dealing with such high risk calls.

Responding to the Pediatric Cardiac Arrest

The assessment skills of the paramedic are the most important ones that she posses.  In this episode, we take a look at how to have an organized assessment routine of our pediatric patients. 

The assessment skills of the paramedic are the most important ones that she posses.  In this episode, we take a look at how to have an organized assessment routine of our pediatric patients.

You Can't Treat What You Don't Find

Effective communication is imperative for the paramedic who is called upon to care for a pediatric patient. Failure to communicate raises both the human, social and economic costs of medicine.  In today’s podcast, we take a look at what some of the components of an effective resuscitation team are.  benefit from increased access to their medical histories, which reduces chances of medical errors.

Effective communication is imperative for the paramedic who is called upon to care for a pediatric patient. Failure to communicate raises both the human, social and economic costs of medicine.  In today’s podcast, we take a look at what some of the components of an effective resuscitation team are.  benefit from increased access to their medical histories, which reduces chances of medical errors.

Effective Teamwork During PALS Cardiac Arrest Resuscitation 

For most pediatric patients, the cause of cardiac arrest can be traced to a respiratory issue.  In emergencies dealing with children, having impeccable BLS skills is critical.  In this podcast, we take a look at the importance of high quality CPR and other issues that address cardiac arrest in the pediatric patient.

For most pediatric patients, the cause of cardiac arrest can be traced to a respiratory issue.  In emergencies dealing with children, having impeccable BLS skills is critical.  In this podcast, we take a look at the importance of high quality CPR and other issues that address cardiac arrest in the pediatric patient.

Pediatric Basic Life Support

It is important for the paramedic student to understand the pathophysiology that accompanies chest trauma, both blunt and penetrating.  In this podcast, we take a look at: 1.  Simple pneumothorax 2.  Open pneumothorax 3.  Tension pneumothorax

It is important for the paramedic student to understand the pathophysiology that accompanies chest trauma, both blunt and penetrating.  In this podcast, we take a look at: 1.  Simple pneumothorax 2.  Open pneumothorax 3.  Tension pneumothorax

The Triple Threat of Chest Trauma

This podcast is to the point educational help for busy paramedic students.

Great information from the best professor!

Amazing

Excellent work done by Dr. Bill Young. Exceptionally executed idea to gain daily knowledge about problems faced in field.

10 stars for the 10 minute medic

Ten Minute Medic

One of the most common cardiac related emergencies that the paramedic will be called upon to deal with is that of congestive heart failure.  In this podcast, we will look at the pathophysiology of the disease process, the symptoms that your patient may present and the treatment that you may be called upon to give. 

One of the most common cardiac related emergencies that the paramedic will be called upon to deal with is that of congestive heart failure.  In this podcast, we will look at the pathophysiology of the disease process, the symptoms that your patient may present and the treatment that you may be called upon to give.

Congestive Heart Failure Pathophysiology and Treatment

In this week's podcast, you will learn 1.  The pathophysiology behind an asthma attack 2.  The three types of asthma attacks 3.  The role of bronchodilators and corticosterioids in the treatment of asthma. Additional Resources for Students The Pathophysiology of Asthma-The Khan Academy What is Asthma-Dr. Alex Thomas Paramedic Student Review Questions: Of the following, which would be considered an extrinsic trigger for an atopic asthma attack? A.  Viral infection B.  Bacterial infection C.  Stress D. None of the above The correct answer is C. Stress. The other responses indicate nonatopic asthma triggers and all of them are instrinsic.   Why might your bronchodilator not be effective in the status asthmaticus patient? A.  Medicine is out of date B.  Severity of the bronchospasm C.  Rapidity of respiratory rate D.  Poor cardiac output The correct answer is B.  Because the bronchospasm is so severe, there may be difficulty in getting the medicine down to the lower bronchioles. 

In this week's podcast, you will learn 1.  The pathophysiology behind an asthma attack 2.  The three types of asthma attacks 3.  The role of bronchodilators and corticosterioids in the treatment of asthma. Additional Resources for Students <a href="https://www.khanacademy.org/science/health-and-medicine/respiratory-system-diseases/asthma2/v/asthma-pathophysiology" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">The Pathophysiology of Asthma</a>-The Khan Academy <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2ur1XreTiNg" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">What is Asthma-</a>Dr. Alex Thomas Paramedic Student Review Questions: Of the following, which would be considered an extrinsic trigger for an atopic asthma attack? A.  Viral infection B.  Bacterial infection C.  Stress D. None of the above The correct answer is C. Stress. The other responses indicate nonatopic asthma triggers and all of them are instrinsic. Why might your bronchodilator not be effective in the status asthmaticus patient? A.  Medicine is out of date B.  Severity of the bronchospasm C.  Rapidity of respiratory rate D.  Poor cardiac output The correct answer is B.  Because the bronchospasm is so severe, there may be difficulty in getting the medicine down to the lower bronchioles.

The Paramedic Student's Guide to the Asthma Patient

We come to the end of our series on acid base balance with a look at metabolic acidosis and alkalosis.  In this podcast you will learn: 1.  The most common cause of metabolic acidosis 2.  Why the administration of sodium bicarbonate for your patient in metabolic acidosis may be deadly 3.  A summary of pathophysiology pearls to remember when addressing acid base issues.

We come to the end of our series on acid base balance with a look at metabolic acidosis and alkalosis.  In this podcast you will learn: 1.  The most common cause of metabolic acidosis 2.  Why the administration of sodium bicarbonate for your patient in metabolic acidosis may be deadly 3.  A summary of pathophysiology pearls to remember when addressing acid base issues.

Metabolic Acidosis and Alkalosis and Your Patient

It's that time of the year when EMS students begin to sign up for their NREMT exams.  In this podcast, we take a look a couple of urban legends regarding the exam, how the exam is constructed and what you can do to give yourself that added edge when you are sitting in front of that computer in the testing center.

It's that time of the year when EMS students begin to sign up for their NREMT exams.  In this podcast, we take a look a couple of urban legends regarding the exam, how the exam is constructed and what you can do to give yourself that added edge when you are sitting in front of that computer in the testing center.

Slaying the National Registry Test Dragon

This week and next week the Ten Minute Medic will cover the workings of the body in shock and why this topic is probably the most important lecture you will cover in your paramedic class.  This is a two part episode. 

This week and next week the Ten Minute Medic will cover the workings of the body in shock and why this topic is probably the most important lecture you will cover in your paramedic class.  This is a two part episode.

The Pathophysiology of Shock...Out of Sight, Out of Mind?

This is the second part of the Pathophysiology of Shock episode.  In this recording we'll look at: 1.  Why relying on a BP for indication of shock could be deadly for your patient, 2.  The three stages of shock and why you must be aggressive in its recognition and treatment and, 3.  How the movement of fluid in and out of the cells affects the hemostatic status of your patient. 

This is the second part of the Pathophysiology of Shock episode.  In this recording we'll look at: 1.  Why relying on a BP for indication of shock could be deadly for your patient, 2.  The three stages of shock and why you must be aggressive in its recognition and treatment and, 3.  How the movement of fluid in and out of the cells affects the hemostatic status of your patient.

The Pathophysiology of Shock...Why a Blood Pressure Means Nothing!

The rules of engagement for active shooting scenes have changed.  No longer can EMS sit back until the "scene is secure".  In this podcast, we will review the kinematics of gunshot wounds that will enable you to better assess, recognize and treat your gunshot patient. 

The rules of engagement for active shooting scenes have changed.  No longer can EMS sit back until the "scene is secure".  In this podcast, we will review the kinematics of gunshot wounds that will enable you to better assess, recognize and treat your gunshot patient.

What the Paramedic Student Needs to Know about Gunshot Wounds and Crime Scene Management

The presence of a right ventricular MI has always been something that has a mysterious hold for paramedics.  In the past, any patient with a RVMI was prohibited from receiving NTG because of a possibility that they would suffer from life threatening hypotension.  However, is this the case.  In this podcast, we will look at the pathophysiology of the RVMI and maybe even dispel some myths

The presence of a right ventricular MI has always been something that has a mysterious hold for paramedics.  In the past, any patient with a RVMI was prohibited from receiving NTG because of a possibility that they would suffer from life threatening hypotension.  However, is this the case.  In this podcast, we will look at the pathophysiology of the RVMI and maybe even dispel some myths

Right Ventricular AMI...Fact or Myth

It is fall of the year and this is the time that health care providers begin to think about childhood respiratory diseases.  In this podcast, we will take a brief look at some of the more common pediatric respiratory diseases that you may come into contact with. 

It is fall of the year and this is the time that health care providers begin to think about childhood respiratory diseases.  In this podcast, we will take a brief look at some of the more common pediatric respiratory diseases that you may come into contact with.

Respiratory Emergencies in Pediatric Patients

The Ten Minute Medic takes a look at the airway of the trauma patient.  In this session, you will learn: 1.  the role of external and internal respiration. 2.  factors that influence alveolar and cellular gas exchange. 3.  the dangers of hyperventilation of your patient. Next weeks podcast will continue the discussion of the airway of the trauma patient.  If you would like to have a topic covered, drop me a line at bill.young@eku.edu. 

The Ten Minute Medic takes a look at the airway of the trauma patient.  In this session, you will learn: 1.  the role of external and internal respiration. 2.  factors that influence alveolar and cellular gas exchange. 3.  the dangers of hyperventilation of your patient. Next weeks podcast will continue the discussion of the airway of the trauma patient.  If you would like to have a topic covered, drop me a line at <a href="mailto:bill.young@eku.edu">bill.young@eku.edu</a>.

Airway and the Trauma Patient

Respiratory acidosis is commonly seen in the pre-hospital patient.  In this episode, we take a look at the pathophysiology and treatment approach of this frequently encountered condition. 

Respiratory acidosis is commonly seen in the pre-hospital patient.  In this episode, we take a look at the pathophysiology and treatment approach of this frequently encountered condition.

The Paramedic Students Guide To Respiratory Acidosis

In this episode, the paramedic student will: 1.  Understand the pathophysiology behind the cellular immune response 2.  Be able to recognize the differences between anaphylaxis and a localized allergic reaction 3.  Understand the role of epinephrine and diphenhydramine in the treatment of anaphylaxis.

In this episode, the paramedic student will: 1.  Understand the pathophysiology behind the cellular immune response 2.  Be able to recognize the differences between anaphylaxis and a localized allergic reaction 3.  Understand the role of epinephrine and diphenhydramine in the treatment of anaphylaxis.

Anaphylaxis_Pathphysiology_and_Presentation

Trauma has become the most frequent cause of death of the OB patient in the United States. Although maternal mortality due to other causes such as infection, hemorrhage, hypertension, and thromboembolism, has declined over the years, the number of maternal deaths due to penetrating trauma, suicide, homicide and motor vehicle accidents has risen steadily. Accidental injuries occur in 6 to 7 % of all pregnant patients. Penetrating trauma accounts for as many as 36 % of maternal deaths.  In this podcast the student will: 1.  review the statistics that deal with death of mother an baby after trauma; 2.  understand the importance of aggressive resuscitation of the mother as a treatment modality; 3.  grasp the role of IV infusion and its effect on the secretion of oxytocin. Additional ResourcesBosson, Nichole, et al. “Evaluation of Trauma Triage Criteria Performance in a Regional Trauma System.” Prehospital Emergency Care, 2019, pp. 1–10.Cairo, Sarah B., et al. “Prehospital Education in Triage for Pediatric and Pregnant Patients in a Regional Trauma System without Collocated Pediatric and Adult Trauma Centers.” Journal of Pediatric Surgery, vol. 53, no. 5, 2018, pp. 1037–1041.Nawrocki, Philip S., et al. “Interfacility Transport of the Pregnant Patient: A 5-Year Retrospective Review of a Single Critical Care Transport Program.” Prehospital Emergency Care, vol. 23, no. 3, 2018, pp. 377–384.TMM ReviewYour patient is a 25 year, 28 week gestational female.  She has been shot twice in the abdomen.  The best course of action for survival of the fetus would be toapply MAST trousers and inflate the legs only aggressively resuscitate the mother infuse 20 cc/kg of normal saline rapidly transport to the local medical center The best course of action for the survival of the fetus after any trauma to the mother is to be aggressive in her resuscitation.  Keep in mind that the baby is dependent upon the mother for oxygenation, glucose delivery as well as waste removal.  Any disruption of this could be fatal to the fetus.    A bolus of 20 cc/kg of fluid will stimulate the secretion of what hormone that may help with the reduction of bleeding in the pregnant patient? Oxytocin Vasopressin ADH Epinephrine Because it is secreted from the same area of the pituitary gland as is vasopressin (also known as anti diuretic hormone or ADH), the administration of a bolus of fluid will stimulate oxytocin.  Which of the following is the MOST useful in determining the fetal age? Fundal height Abdominal circumference Conception date Date of last menses Determining fetal age is very useful when considering factors that may influence survival of the baby after an early delivery.  The MOST useful as well as the most accurate is the conception date of the fetus, although this may not be known. 

Trauma has become the most frequent cause of death of the OB patient in the United States. Although maternal mortality due to other causes such as infection, hemorrhage, hypertension, and thromboembolism, has declined over the years, the number of maternal deaths due to penetrating trauma, suicide, homicide and motor vehicle accidents has risen steadily. Accidental injuries occur in 6 to 7 % of all pregnant patients. Penetrating trauma accounts for as many as 36 % of maternal deaths.  In this podcast the student will: 1.  review the statistics that deal with death of mother an baby after trauma; 2.  understand the importance of aggressive resuscitation of the mother as a treatment modality; 3.  grasp the role of IV infusion and its effect on the secretion of oxytocin. Additional ResourcesBosson, Nichole, et al. “Evaluation of Trauma Triage Criteria Performance in a Regional Trauma System.” Prehospital Emergency Care, 2019, pp. 1–10. Cairo, Sarah B., et al. “Prehospital Education in Triage for Pediatric and Pregnant Patients in a Regional Trauma System without Collocated Pediatric and Adult Trauma Centers.” Journal of Pediatric Surgery, vol. 53, no. 5, 2018, pp. 1037–1041. Nawrocki, Philip S., et al. “Interfacility Transport of the Pregnant Patient: A 5-Year Retrospective Review of a Single Critical Care Transport Program.” Prehospital Emergency Care, vol. 23, no. 3, 2018, pp. 377–384. TMM Review Your patient is a 25 year, 28 week gestational female.  She has been shot twice in the abdomen.  The best course of action for survival of the fetus would be to <ol><li>apply MAST trousers and inflate the legs only</li> <li>aggressively resuscitate the mother</li> <li>infuse 20 cc/kg of normal saline</li> <li>rapidly transport to the local medical center</li> </ol>The best course of action for the survival of the fetus after any trauma to the mother is to be aggressive in her resuscitation.  Keep in mind that the baby is dependent upon the mother for oxygenation, glucose delivery as well as waste removal.  Any disruption of this could be fatal to the fetus.  A bolus of 20 cc/kg of fluid will stimulate the secretion of what hormone that may help with the reduction of bleeding in the pregnant patient? <ol><li>Oxytocin</li> <li>Vasopressin</li> <li>ADH</li> <li>Epinephrine</li> </ol>Because it is secreted from the same area of the pituitary gland as is vasopressin (also known as anti diuretic hormone or ADH), the administration of a bolus of fluid will stimulate oxytocin.  Which of the following is the MOST useful in determining the fetal age? <ol><li>Fundal height</li> <li>Abdominal circumference</li> <li>Conception date</li> <li>Date of last menses</li> </ol>Determining fetal age is very useful when considering factors that may influence survival of the baby after an early delivery.  The MOST useful as well as the most accurate is the conception date of the fetus, although this may not be known.

Trauma For Two-The Paramedic Review of Trauma in the Pregnant Patient

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