In this episode of “Lab Medicine Rounds,” Justin Kreuter, M.D., speaks with Laura Tafe, M.D., associate professor of pathology and laboratory medicine at Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center and president of the Association of Molecular Pathology, to discuss practicing art and medicine.Timestamps:0:00 Intro01:30 What is your artist origin story?03:40 What does that relationship of your art practice and medical practice look like?07:18 How do you navigate the challenge of not having enough time?08:52 What advice do you have for healthcare professionals, new residents, who have interests in addition to medicine?12:37 What are your thoughts? Where does your art practice go in the coming months and years? 15:40 What is your interest in Graphic Medicine? (question from Dr. Tafe to Dr. Kreuter)20:04 Outro

In this episode of “Lab Medicine Rounds,” Justin Kreuter, M.D., speaks with Laura Tafe, M.D., associate professor of pathology and laboratory medicine at Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center and president of the Association of Molecular Pathology, to discuss practicing art and medicine.Timestamps: 0:00 Intro 01:30 What is your artist origin story? 03:40 What does that relationship of your art practice and medical practice look like? 07:18 How do you navigate the challenge of not having enough time? 08:52 What advice do you have for healthcare professionals, new residents, who have interests in addition to medicine? 12:37 What are your thoughts? Where does your art practice go in the coming months and years?  15:40 What is your interest in Graphic Medicine? (question from Dr. Tafe to Dr. Kreuter) 20:04 Outro

Practicing Art & Medicine

In this episode of “Lab Medicine Rounds,” Justin Kreuter, M.D., sits down with Bradley Erickson, M.D., Ph.D., Director of the Mayo Clinic Artificial Intelligence Lab and professor of radiology at Mayo Clinic, to talk about working with artificial intelligence and how to train on it.0:00 Intro00:45 Why are computer-aided diagnoses, artificial intelligence, important for our healthcare?02:45 Is there one way or maybe one facet of AI that’s the next generation of a checklist?03:46 What’s important for physicians to understand about working with artificial intelligence?06:01 As they are getting developed, is there a standard way the community is talking about this confidence in probability? Is that going to be universal for the different tools that are being developed? Or is it each to their own the way they try to convey that?08:10 Is the thought then that will help us get away from some of the biases in our clinical practices?09:25 How are you thinking about how we train our trainees, our residents and fellows, how to use artificial intelligence well? What can you share with our audience? 11:20 If I wanted to get my residents and fellows exposed to AI now, is there a recommended textbook on it, or any online tools to get exposure to and appreciate these points you are highlighting for us?14:09 Have you started to have program directors approach you and your laboratory to facilitate education around AI in their department/division?15:48 What do you think the future of AI in medical practice looks like?20:38 OutroResources: Medical Image Deep Learning (MIDeL)National Imaging Informatics Course - Radiology (NIIC-RAD)

In this episode of “Lab Medicine Rounds,” Justin Kreuter, M.D., sits down with Bradley Erickson, M.D., Ph.D., Director of the Mayo Clinic Artificial Intelligence Lab and professor of radiology at Mayo Clinic, to talk about working with artificial intelligence and how to train on it.0:00 Intro 00:45 Why are computer-aided diagnoses, artificial intelligence, important for our healthcare? 02:45 Is there one way or maybe one facet of AI that’s the next generation of a checklist? 03:46 What’s important for physicians to understand about working with artificial intelligence? 06:01 As they are getting developed, is there a standard way the community is talking about this confidence in probability? Is that going to be universal for the different tools that are being developed? Or is it each to their own the way they try to convey that? 08:10 Is the thought then that will help us get away from some of the biases in our clinical practices? 09:25 How are you thinking about how we train our trainees, our residents and fellows, how to use artificial intelligence well? What can you share with our audience? 11:20 If I wanted to get my residents and fellows exposed to AI now, is there a recommended textbook on it, or any online tools to get exposure to and appreciate these points you are highlighting for us? 14:09 Have you started to have program directors approach you and your laboratory to facilitate education around AI in their department/division? 15:48 What do you think the future of AI in medical practice looks like? 20:38 OutroResources: <a href="https://mayo-radiology-informatics-lab.github.io/MIDeL/index.html?fireglass_rsn=true#fireglass_params&amp;tabid=a320112a16bbf0eb&amp;start_with_session_counter=2&amp;application_server_address=mc2.prod.fire.glass" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Medical Image Deep Learning</a> (MIDeL)<a href="https://siim.org/page/niic" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">National Imaging Informatics Course - Radiology</a> (NIIC-RAD)

Teaching Artificial Intelligence

In this episode of “Lab Medicine Rounds,” Justin Kreuter, M.D., sits down with Clarissa Jordan, M.D., chief resident in anatomic and clinical pathology for the Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology at Mayo Clinic, to discuss online pathology resources. Resources: AACC  Learning Lab: https://www.aacc.org/education/learning-lab   Kurt’s Notes: https://schaberg.faculty.ucdavis.edu/  Surgical Pathology Reimagined (textbooks): https://www.acemypath.com/books  https://www.pathcejmd.com

In this episode of “Lab Medicine Rounds,” Justin Kreuter, M.D., sits down with Clarissa Jordan, M.D., chief resident in anatomic and clinical pathology for the Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology at Mayo Clinic, to discuss online pathology resources. Resources:<ol> <li>AACC  Learning Lab: <a href="https://www.aacc.org/education/learning-lab%20" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">https://www.aacc.org/education/learning-lab </a> </li> <li>Kurt’s Notes: <a href="https://schaberg.faculty.ucdavis.edu/%20" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">https://schaberg.faculty.ucdavis.edu/</a> </li> <li>Surgical Pathology Reimagined (textbooks): <a href="https://www.acemypath.com/books" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">https://www.acemypath.com/books</a> </li> <li><a href="https://www.pathcejmd.com" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">https://www.pathcejmd.com</a></li></ol>

Discovering Online Pathology Resources

In this episode of “Lab Medicine Rounds,” Justin Kreuter, M.D., sits down with Isabella Holmes, D.O., a first-year pathology resident at the University of Michigan, to discuss her residency training experience. 0:00 Intro01:01 Let’s start by telling our audience your story – why did you decide to become a pathologist?03:03 What has this first year been for you, what’s that rotation look like? How has your experience been?04:49 Do you have any advice for listeners who might be going into pathology residency, as far as how they can set themselves up for success during that, and try to take ownership for things?07:37 What does your process look like for capturing the learning?08:53 I want to applaud and highlight this skill you just articulated. You started one thing, writing things down you need to look up. But then you discovered for yourself that you’re writing this stuff down but not capitalizing on it the way you intended? How did you catch yourself?11:00 How has navigating residency been going? What has the community been like? 14:55 Do you have any advice for people for speaking up or those who are nervous about making mistakes while training?17:35 What for you has been the biggest surprise of residency training? 19:40 What do you think is going to be your biggest challenge for the year ahead, how are you thinking about being successful? What kind of tactic/approach are you thinking about for that challenge?21:30 If you find that you struggle with something, speaking up and talking to colleagues, having a support network in your residency I would say is a great piece of advice, does that seem to resonate with you?23:43 Outro

In this episode of “Lab Medicine Rounds,” Justin Kreuter, M.D., sits down with Isabella Holmes, D.O., a first-year pathology resident at the University of Michigan, to discuss her residency training experience. 0:00 Intro01:01 Let’s start by telling our audience your story – why did you decide to become a pathologist?03:03 What has this first year been for you, what’s that rotation look like? How has your experience been?04:49 Do you have any advice for listeners who might be going into pathology residency, as far as how they can set themselves up for success during that, and try to take ownership for things?07:37 What does your process look like for capturing the learning?08:53 I want to applaud and highlight this skill you just articulated. You started one thing, writing things down you need to look up. But then you discovered for yourself that you’re writing this stuff down but not capitalizing on it the way you intended? How did you catch yourself?11:00 How has navigating residency been going? What has the community been like? 14:55 Do you have any advice for people for speaking up or those who are nervous about making mistakes while training?17:35 What for you has been the biggest surprise of residency training? 19:40 What do you think is going to be your biggest challenge for the year ahead, how are you thinking about being successful? What kind of tactic/approach are you thinking about for that challenge?21:30 If you find that you struggle with something, speaking up and talking to colleagues, having a support network in your residency I would say is a great piece of advice, does that seem to resonate with you?23:43 Outro

Reflections on Residency

In this episode of “Lab Medicine Rounds,” Justin Kreuter, M.D., sits down with John Mills, Ph.D., associate professor and vice chair of test implementation for the Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, to discuss navigating implementation challenges in the laboratory. 

In this episode of “Lab Medicine Rounds,” Justin Kreuter, M.D., sits down with John Mills, Ph.D., associate professor and vice chair of test implementation for the Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, to discuss navigating implementation challenges in the laboratory.

Navigating Implementation Challenges in the Laboratory

In this episode of “Lab Medicine Rounds,” Justin Kreuter, M.D., sits down with Matthew Binnicker, Ph.D., Director of Clinical Virology and Vice Chair of Practice in the Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology a Mayo Clinic, to talk about working and leading through uncertainty.Timestamps:0:00 Intro01:22 Why is working with uncertainty an important skill for us to cultivate?03:13 What are ways to keep grounded when navigating uncertainty?06:17 When you are not in a crisis moment, when it’s not an ambiguous time, how do you behave in a way that further cultivates this idea that you are a leader?08:22 How could we help our colleagues who are struggling with uncertainty?10:12 How can we help people with a fixed mindset as opposed to a growth mindset move from seeing negative feedback as uncomfortable, how can we help them see the growth and opportunity in front of them?12:09 I’m curious if you could share with our listeners a story of how uncertainty has surprised you most?15:35 Outro

In this episode of “Lab Medicine Rounds,” Justin Kreuter, M.D., sits down with Matthew Binnicker, Ph.D., Director of Clinical Virology and Vice Chair of Practice in the Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology a Mayo Clinic, to talk about working and leading through uncertainty.Timestamps: 0:00 Intro 01:22 Why is working with uncertainty an important skill for us to cultivate? 03:13 What are ways to keep grounded when navigating uncertainty? 06:17 When you are not in a crisis moment, when it’s not an ambiguous time, how do you behave in a way that further cultivates this idea that you are a leader? 08:22 How could we help our colleagues who are struggling with uncertainty? 10:12 How can we help people with a fixed mindset as opposed to a growth mindset move from seeing negative feedback as uncomfortable, how can we help them see the growth and opportunity in front of them? 12:09 I’m curious if you could share with our listeners a story of how uncertainty has surprised you most? 15:35 Outro

Leading through Uncertanity

In this episode of “Lab Medicine Rounds,” Justin Kreuter, M.D., sits down with Bobbi Pritt, M.D., professor and interim chair for the Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, to discuss the modern parasitology laboratory.  Parasitology0:00 Intro01:03 Why did you decide to pursue parasitology?02:19 What does the modern-day parasitology lab look like?03:02 How are conventional and molecular techniques integrated to support the clinical practice?05:04 Is this something that is easy to train up into using and integrating, or has this been an easy lift to get people used to working in this way?06:45 Can you elaborate a little bit about the molecular aspects of how that might be integrated? Is this also a newer aspect for parasitology? 08:57 How has this impacted your training for clinical fellows if maybe some things might be controversial right now? How do you prepare them to navigate the future ahead?10:23 Have you heard feedback from ordering providers about the ability to have the syndromic panel and then the laboratory can chase it, has that been positively received? Are there challenges that come up with that style of ordering?12:04 I’m curious if you can elaborate and share, what are a couple of the hot topics in the field for parasitology in 2023?14:10 Outro

In this episode of “Lab Medicine Rounds,” Justin Kreuter, M.D., sits down with Bobbi Pritt, M.D., professor and interim chair for the Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, to discuss the modern parasitology laboratory.  Parasitology 0:00 Intro 01:03 Why did you decide to pursue parasitology? 02:19 What does the modern-day parasitology lab look like? 03:02 How are conventional and molecular techniques integrated to support the clinical practice? 05:04 Is this something that is easy to train up into using and integrating, or has this been an easy lift to get people used to working in this way? 06:45 Can you elaborate a little bit about the molecular aspects of how that might be integrated? Is this also a newer aspect for parasitology?  08:57 How has this impacted your training for clinical fellows if maybe some things might be controversial right now? How do you prepare them to navigate the future ahead? 10:23 Have you heard feedback from ordering providers about the ability to have the syndromic panel and then the laboratory can chase it, has that been positively received? Are there challenges that come up with that style of ordering? 12:04 I’m curious if you can elaborate and share, what are a couple of the hot topics in the field for parasitology in 2023? 14:10 Outro

The Modern Parasitology Lab

In this episode of “Lab Medicine Rounds,” Justin Kreuter, M.D., sits down with Emily Shaffer, D.O., a resident physician in pathology and laboratory medicine for Northwell Health in Roslyn, New York, to talk about her experience participating on a laboratory inspection team. Timestamps:0:00 Intro00:53 What is your origin story for becoming a pathologist?02:06 What was your experience like participating in a laboratory inspection?03:18 Was there any kind of prep beforehand that you did, or what was the actual inspection day(s) like? How did that unfold?05:34 Were there people at your home laboratory that were taking you through what that might look like, or questions you might ask?07:03 Was the lab you inspected a bit similar to your home laboratory? What was that like?08:20 Was this a one-day inspection, or did it lead into two days?09:12 I’m kind of curious about that mentorship that happened; was that something the site leader discussed with you ahead of time?10:56 What is your reflection on what you took away from this experience? 12:54 Do you have any reflections on having gone through this experience now, is there one or two ways you think the listeners who are educators might think about improving the way we teach quality and regulatory in our programs?14:17 Can you mention the steps on approaching the College of American Pathologists (CAP) to do an inspection for those who are interested?15:24 Outro

In this episode of “Lab Medicine Rounds,” Justin Kreuter, M.D., sits down with Emily Shaffer, D.O., a resident physician in pathology and laboratory medicine for Northwell Health in Roslyn, New York, to talk about her experience participating on a laboratory inspection team. Timestamps:0:00 Intro00:53 What is your origin story for becoming a pathologist?02:06 What was your experience like participating in a laboratory inspection?03:18 Was there any kind of prep beforehand that you did, or what was the actual inspection day(s) like? How did that unfold?05:34 Were there people at your home laboratory that were taking you through what that might look like, or questions you might ask?07:03 Was the lab you inspected a bit similar to your home laboratory? What was that like?08:20 Was this a one-day inspection, or did it lead into two days?09:12 I’m kind of curious about that mentorship that happened; was that something the site leader discussed with you ahead of time?10:56 What is your reflection on what you took away from this experience? 12:54 Do you have any reflections on having gone through this experience now, is there one or two ways you think the listeners who are educators might think about improving the way we teach quality and regulatory in our programs?14:17 Can you mention the steps on approaching the College of American Pathologists (CAP) to do an inspection for those who are interested?15:24 Outro

Shared Experience: Participating on a Laboratory Inspection Team

In this episode of “Lab Medicine Rounds,” Justin Kreuter, M.D., sits down with Shane Ferraro, M.H.S., PA(ASCP), an assistant supervisor of pathologists’ assistants in the Division of Anatomic Pathology at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, to talk about the important innovation of 3D scanning in pathology. Timestamps:0:00 Intro00:54 Why is 3D scanning an important innovation in pathology?02:51 Are there certain activities you can do with the audience that you weren’t able to do before? Are there certain insights you are hearing from the learners when you are doing that kind of approach?03:40 What do you think is important for our audience to understand about 3D scanning?06:12 What are some of the practicalities for implementing 3D scanning in a pathology practice?08:23 Are there different teams that you are interacting with outside of pathology that is helping to make some bridges between pathology and other clinical departments?09:22 In pathology, it sounds like it got started with forensic pathologists, and now it’s being brought out to the surgical practice?10:12 How long does it take to scan some tissue? Is it relatively quick or like a day-long process?11:40 Is this thought to replace surgical pathology photography in the next 5-10 years?12:29 Where do you see this innovation going over these next 5-10 years?14:46 Outro

In this episode of “Lab Medicine Rounds,” Justin Kreuter, M.D., sits down with Shane Ferraro, M.H.S., PA(ASCP), an assistant supervisor of pathologists’ assistants in the Division of Anatomic Pathology at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, to talk about the important innovation of 3D scanning in pathology. Timestamps: 0:00 Intro00:54 Why is 3D scanning an important innovation in pathology?02:51 Are there certain activities you can do with the audience that you weren’t able to do before? Are there certain insights you are hearing from the learners when you are doing that kind of approach?03:40 What do you think is important for our audience to understand about 3D scanning?06:12 What are some of the practicalities for implementing 3D scanning in a pathology practice?08:23 Are there different teams that you are interacting with outside of pathology that is helping to make some bridges between pathology and other clinical departments?09:22 In pathology, it sounds like it got started with forensic pathologists, and now it’s being brought out to the surgical practice?10:12 How long does it take to scan some tissue? Is it relatively quick or like a day-long process?11:40 Is this thought to replace surgical pathology photography in the next 5-10 years?12:29 Where do you see this innovation going over these next 5-10 years?14:46 Outro

3D Scanning: An Important Innovation in Pathology

In this episode of “Lab Medicine Rounds,” Justin Kreuter, M.D., speaks with Robert Michel, editor-in-chief of The Dark Report, an intelligence service and publication that provides economic and strategic assessment of the clinical laboratory industry, to provide useful tools for laboratory management. Timestamps:

In this episode of “Lab Medicine Rounds,” Justin Kreuter, M.D., speaks with Robert Michel, editor-in-chief of The Dark Report, an intelligence service and publication that provides economic and strategic assessment of the clinical laboratory industry, to provide useful tools for laboratory management. Timestamps:

Tools for Laboratory Management

A Mayo Clinic curated podcast for physicians, laboratory professionals, and students; hosted by Dr. Justin Kreuter (the Bow Tie Bandit of Blood) and featuring trending topics from subject-matter experts.

I’m a CLS student and I really enjoy this podcast! The hosts that are invited to the show are very knowledgeable and the main host keeps the show not just informative but pretty entertaining. Overall it’s a great way to review and keep yourself informed and up to date!

Wholesome and very informative!

Host name is radical. So good.

Lab Medicine Rounds

Time Stamps00:00 Podcast Intro00:34 Introduction of William Morice, II, M.D., Ph.D., the Chair of the Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology at Mayo Clinic 00:48 When did you first become interested in leadership?2:15 What surprised you most once you took on a leadership role?5:32 What advice do you have for the learners (residents, fellows) who may be interested in leadership? What should they be focusing on during training and during their early career?8:01 What do you think would be your message to clinicians? What do you wish they knew about the laboratory that would really strengthen the relationship at their center?10:21 How do you approach setting a team up for success?14:41 Opposing Dynamic: People getting the work done for the business vs. people that are the innovators. Do you see yourself as trying to model how to have a respectful disagreement?16:59 At this point in your career, what’s the real challenge for you?20:28 Do you have a practice of reflection or what’s your practice for self-reflection and discovery?22:39 Do you have any book recommendations for our listeners who are interested in developing their leadership skills?26:23 Outro

Time Stamps 00:00 Podcast Intro00:34 Introduction of William Morice, II, M.D., Ph.D., the Chair of the Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology at Mayo Clinic 00:48 When did you first become interested in leadership?2:15 What surprised you most once you took on a leadership role?5:32 What advice do you have for the learners (residents, fellows) who may be interested in leadership? What should they be focusing on during training and during their early career?8:01 What do you think would be your message to clinicians? What do you wish they knew about the laboratory that would really strengthen the relationship at their center?10:21 How do you approach setting a team up for success?14:41 Opposing Dynamic: People getting the work done for the business vs. people that are the innovators. Do you see yourself as trying to model how to have a respectful disagreement?16:59 At this point in your career, what’s the real challenge for you?20:28 Do you have a practice of reflection or what’s your practice for self-reflection and discovery?22:39 Do you have any book recommendations for our listeners who are interested in developing their leadership skills?26:23 Outro

Leading Innovation in the Lab

Time Stamps00:00 Podcast Intro01:00 How is influenza different from other respiratory infections, such as the common cold?02:02 Why is influenza such a big deal? Many people think about influenza for different reasons, but how can we hit this home for the everyday person?04:43 Can we unpack the idea of getting vaccinations, specifically getting vaccinations every year?06:36 Can you address some of the common misperceptions when it comes to getting the flu vaccine? 11:02 Who should see their doctor when they exhibit flu-like symptoms?12:36 How is the influenza test changing?14:45 The idea of point-of-care testing that bridges the patient/clinical practice and the laboratory supporting that practice caring for that patient. Can you discuss what some of the logistics and challenges are that come in to point-of-care testing?16:02 What does it mean in regards to treatment of influenza with having a more sensitive test that is rapidly available? 17:55 How are we spreading this knowledge to all of our physicians so they can understand how to make the decision of who needs be treated and why?19:23 Are there any questions or feedback that either of you have gotten from other physicians or nurses on this topic that surprised you?21:25 Is there a future state on the horizon where you think we may not need to be getting the influenza shot every year?23:57 This podcast is really centered on building bridges between the clinical world and the lab world. Would you mind sharing a story that highlights where this collaboration has really helped the patient? 26:47 I’m curious, for the trainees in your program, how are they trained/mentored on crossing the boundaries between the clinical and laboratory?28:59 Is there anything you would like to add that we haven’t talked about so far?Additional resources:https://www.cdc.gov/flu/index.htm

Time Stamps 00:00 Podcast Intro01:00 How is influenza different from other respiratory infections, such as the common cold?02:02 Why is influenza such a big deal? Many people think about influenza for different reasons, but how can we hit this home for the everyday person?04:43 Can we unpack the idea of getting vaccinations, specifically getting vaccinations every year?06:36 Can you address some of the common misperceptions when it comes to getting the flu vaccine? 11:02 Who should see their doctor when they exhibit flu-like symptoms?12:36 How is the influenza test changing?14:45 The idea of point-of-care testing that bridges the patient/clinical practice and the laboratory supporting that practice caring for that patient. Can you discuss what some of the logistics and challenges are that come in to point-of-care testing?16:02 What does it mean in regards to treatment of influenza with having a more sensitive test that is rapidly available? 17:55 How are we spreading this knowledge to all of our physicians so they can understand how to make the decision of who needs be treated and why?19:23 Are there any questions or feedback that either of you have gotten from other physicians or nurses on this topic that surprised you?21:25 Is there a future state on the horizon where you think we may not need to be getting the influenza shot every year?23:57 This podcast is really centered on building bridges between the clinical world and the lab world. Would you mind sharing a story that highlights where this collaboration has really helped the patient? 26:47 I’m curious, for the trainees in your program, how are they trained/mentored on crossing the boundaries between the clinical and laboratory?28:59 Is there anything you would like to add that we haven’t talked about so far?Additional resources: <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/flu/index.htm" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">https://www.cdc.gov/flu/index.htm</a>

The Flu: Nothing to Sneeze About!

Time Stamps00:00 Podcast Intro00:48 Introduction of Elitza Theel, Ph.D.  1:03 What is the deadliest creature in the world?2:30 How many types of mosquitoes are there?3:50 Why do mosquitoes bite us?4:54 What types of infections do they cause?6:33 What advice do you give students and learners regarding this topic? 7:37 How does somebody make the diagnosis?7:54 How can you use lab testing to keep on the right track?10:49 What are some of the frequent calls received as a Laboratory Director?13:26  Are these mosquito borne diseases treatable?13:53 Where do you figure out the species?14:59 What about treatment for mosquito borne viruses?15:17 What about vaccines for mosquito born viruses?16:27 What do you see as the future trends in the world of mosquito borne disease?18:13 What are your recommendations for protecting against mosquitoes? 19:33 Fun fact on how spreading infections may occur 21:31 OutroAdditional Resources:https://www.cdc.gov/ncezid/dvbd/index.html 

Time Stamps 00:00 Podcast Intro00:48 Introduction of Elitza Theel, Ph.D.  1:03 What is the deadliest creature in the world?2:30 How many types of mosquitoes are there?3:50 Why do mosquitoes bite us?4:54 What types of infections do they cause?6:33 What advice do you give students and learners regarding this topic? 7:37 How does somebody make the diagnosis?7:54 How can you use lab testing to keep on the right track?10:49 What are some of the frequent calls received as a Laboratory Director?13:26  Are these mosquito borne diseases treatable?13:53 Where do you figure out the species?14:59 What about treatment for mosquito borne viruses?15:17 What about vaccines for mosquito born viruses?16:27 What do you see as the future trends in the world of mosquito borne disease?18:13 What are your recommendations for protecting against mosquitoes? 19:33 Fun fact on how spreading infections may occur 21:31 OutroAdditional Resources:<a href="https://www.cdc.gov/ncezid/dvbd/index.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">https://www.cdc.gov/ncezid/dvbd/index.html</a>

One Small Bite, Deadly for Mankind

Time Stamps00:00 Podcast Intro00:41 What do we know so far about the novel coronavirus? 02:35 How does this novel coronavirus stack up to influenza?04:35 Is there still value in getting your flu shot now (this year) if you haven’t gotten it yet?05:08 Where should people go to get the latest and best information related to the novel coronavirus?06:36 What should the health care provider be looking for related to the novel coronavirus?08:18 I’m glad you mentioned the incubation period, is that something we know with this novel coronavirus? 09:15 What do the laboratorians need to have in mind and what does this mean for the hospital clinical labs?10:50 So, people can test positive for the coronavirus without having this specific novel coronavirus strain? 12:02 So if somebody sent a sample down to a clinical lab, and I was truly positive for the novel coronavirus, I could have a negative result?12:45 Can you elaborate on when a physician should pick up the phone relative to the new novel coronavirus outbreak?14:43 Is there a risk to laboratory personnel for the infection to spread when they are handling the samples?15:20 When should we be suspecting this novel coronavirus?16:03 What should someone do if they suspect their patient has novel coronavirus?16:33 As this is an evolving outbreak, where should folks go for the latest information?Additional Resources:·         Center for Disease Control (CDC)·         World Health Organization (WHO)

Time Stamps 00:00 Podcast Intro00:41 What do we know so far about the novel coronavirus? 02:35 How does this novel coronavirus stack up to influenza?04:35 Is there still value in getting your flu shot now (this year) if you haven’t gotten it yet?05:08 Where should people go to get the latest and best information related to the novel coronavirus?06:36 What should the health care provider be looking for related to the novel coronavirus?08:18 I’m glad you mentioned the incubation period, is that something we know with this novel coronavirus? 09:15 What do the laboratorians need to have in mind and what does this mean for the hospital clinical labs?10:50 So, people can test positive for the coronavirus without having this specific novel coronavirus strain? 12:02 So if somebody sent a sample down to a clinical lab, and I was truly positive for the novel coronavirus, I could have a negative result?12:45 Can you elaborate on when a physician should pick up the phone relative to the new novel coronavirus outbreak?14:43 Is there a risk to laboratory personnel for the infection to spread when they are handling the samples?15:20 When should we be suspecting this novel coronavirus?16:03 What should someone do if they suspect their patient has novel coronavirus?16:33 As this is an evolving outbreak, where should folks go for the latest information? Additional Resources:·         <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Center for Disease Control (CDC)</a>·         <a href="https://www.who.int/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">World Health Organization (WHO)</a>

2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): What You Need to Know

Time Stamps 00:00 Podcast Intro 01:26 Why is it important to consider how we're staffing our laboratory during this pandemic?  02:58 What are the different models or what are some different ways people have been talking about running a lab to mitigate this risk of the lab going down?  07:07 I like how you know, you're also talking about these challenges of space and some of the conversations that you're having with infection control at the institution level. 09:05 When you were talking and looking at those different schedules and going to the different shifts, you mentioned that there was a lot of time that was invested in doing that. Do you have any tips for our listeners about lessons learned from that experience about how they can do that and learn from your experience?  12:17 If we could follow that thread a little further, I'm curious about how your communication has been with the clinical practice. I know that you mentioned you actually have three labs that you oversee. I know especially the cellular therapy lab has many connections with the clinical practice, a lot of co-dependence there when we're talking about transplant and cell therapy. What's that communication been like with the clinical practice? 18:03 I think there's lots of gems that you've laid out there for our listeners and really kind of a big part of this is keeping a humble, this inter-professional collaboration, whether it's working with your supervisors for staffing, communicating with clinical colleagues for  what they are expecting as far as volumes and maintaining those lines of communication for how things are going to change. With that, is there anything that you want to add that we haven't touched about? 18:57 Outro 

Time Stamps 00:00 Podcast Intro 01:26 Why is it important to consider how we're staffing our laboratory during this pandemic?  02:58 What are the different models or what are some different ways people have been talking about running a lab to mitigate this risk of the lab going down?  07:07 I like how you know, you're also talking about these challenges of space and some of the conversations that you're having with infection control at the institution level. 09:05 When you were talking and looking at those different schedules and going to the different shifts, you mentioned that there was a lot of time that was invested in doing that. Do you have any tips for our listeners about lessons learned from that experience about how they can do that and learn from your experience?  12:17 If we could follow that thread a little further, I'm curious about how your communication has been with the clinical practice. I know that you mentioned you actually have three labs that you oversee. I know especially the cellular therapy lab has many connections with the clinical practice, a lot of co-dependence there when we're talking about transplant and cell therapy. What's that communication been like with the clinical practice? 18:03 I think there's lots of gems that you've laid out there for our listeners and really kind of a big part of this is keeping a humble, this inter-professional collaboration, whether it's working with your supervisors for staffing, communicating with clinical colleagues for  what they are expecting as far as volumes and maintaining those lines of communication for how things are going to change. With that, is there anything that you want to add that we haven't touched about? 18:57 Outro

Lab Staffing During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Time Stamps00:00 Podcast Intro 01:25 What is proficiency testing?04:10 Proficiency testing insures my lab is actually getting the accurate results? 05:26 What is proficiency testing referral and why is it important for laboratory medical directors, administrators, supervisors and staff to be aware of PT referral rules? 07:54 Why would laboratories refer proficiency testing to another external lab?12:05 What’s happening at working to reduce this risk for me? Taking Essential Steps for Testing (TEST) Act of 201215:23 These are “near-miss” events and definitely something to learn from, discussing how the holes lined up, what occurred, and now here’s your opportunity to patch that hole?17:04 What new trends in laboratory medicine have increased the risk of sanctions for proficiency testing referral?19:55 What are the most effective strategies to prevent proficiency testing referral?22:26 Are there good resources for this education? Or is every lab on their own to create content?23:17 In your experience, being on committees and doing inspections at hospitals, what has surprised you most about this issue of PT and referral?26:17 How do you approach training pathology residents and fellows in understanding proficiency testing, what they are responsible for, how do they trouble shoot a proficiency failure? I imagine it’s difficult to introduce that topic.28:10 Outro Additional Resources:CMS Brochure on PT Referrals @ cms.gov 

Time Stamps 00:00 Podcast Intro 01:25 What is proficiency testing?04:10 Proficiency testing insures my lab is actually getting the accurate results? 05:26 What is proficiency testing referral and why is it important for laboratory medical directors, administrators, supervisors and staff to be aware of PT referral rules? 07:54 Why would laboratories refer proficiency testing to another external lab?12:05 What’s happening at working to reduce this risk for me? Taking Essential Steps for Testing (TEST) Act of 2012 15:23 These are “near-miss” events and definitely something to learn from, discussing how the holes lined up, what occurred, and now here’s your opportunity to patch that hole?17:04 What new trends in laboratory medicine have increased the risk of sanctions for proficiency testing referral?19:55 What are the most effective strategies to prevent proficiency testing referral? 22:26 Are there good resources for this education? Or is every lab on their own to create content? 23:17 In your experience, being on committees and doing inspections at hospitals, what has surprised you most about this issue of PT and referral? 26:17 How do you approach training pathology residents and fellows in understanding proficiency testing, what they are responsible for, how do they trouble shoot a proficiency failure? I imagine it’s difficult to introduce that topic. 28:10 Outro Additional Resources: CMS Brochure on PT Referrals @ <a href="https://www.cms.gov/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">cms.gov </a>

Proficiency Testing Referral: What You Don't Know Can Hurt You (a Lot)

Time Stamps00:00 Podcast Intro 01:00 What exactly do you mean when you say, diversity in blood supply, and why does that matter?02:15 Are you saying that there might be differences in blood among different ethnic groups? 02:50 If we only issued O- blood to everyone, would we still need diversity in blood supply?04:25 You mentioned a hemolytic reaction, so if I have a friend or family member going in for a surgery, do I need to call up the blood bank and talking to them and demanding something? Or what should I be looking for to make sure they won’t have one of those reactions?07:51 Some of the patients that are going to be receiving multiple blood products throughout their lifetime, might be the people that matching is more important for? What types of characteristics do these patients have? 11:11 What happens if one of the patients that needs a special unit of blood comes in from a bad car accidents and we don’t have that blood on the shelf? 14:00 Is there some sort of barrier that needs to be overcome to help encourage more donations from diverse communities? 16:28 Red blood cells seem pretty simple, shouldn’t you be able to manufacture a red blood cell and then the diversity in blood supply wouldn’t be a problem because you can put whatever antigens on them that you wanted, couldn’t you?20:14 Are there other areas in regards to the diversity of blood supply that will be important to keep in the forefront for the near future?22:40 Are there any specific key takeaways you want people to take away from this topic?25:25 Outro

Time Stamps 00:00 Podcast Intro 01:00 What exactly do you mean when you say, diversity in blood supply, and why does that matter?02:15 Are you saying that there might be differences in blood among different ethnic groups? 02:50 If we only issued O- blood to everyone, would we still need diversity in blood supply?04:25 You mentioned a hemolytic reaction, so if I have a friend or family member going in for a surgery, do I need to call up the blood bank and talking to them and demanding something? Or what should I be looking for to make sure they won’t have one of those reactions?07:51 Some of the patients that are going to be receiving multiple blood products throughout their lifetime, might be the people that matching is more important for? What types of characteristics do these patients have? 11:11 What happens if one of the patients that needs a special unit of blood comes in from a bad car accidents and we don’t have that blood on the shelf? 14:00 Is there some sort of barrier that needs to be overcome to help encourage more donations from diverse communities? 16:28 Red blood cells seem pretty simple, shouldn’t you be able to manufacture a red blood cell and then the diversity in blood supply wouldn’t be a problem because you can put whatever antigens on them that you wanted, couldn’t you?20:14 Are there other areas in regards to the diversity of blood supply that will be important to keep in the forefront for the near future?22:40 Are there any specific key takeaways you want people to take away from this topic?25:25 Outro

Diversity in Blood Supply

Time Stamps00:00 Podcast Intro00:37 Introduction of Joaquin Garcia, Vice Chair of Laboratories in the Division of Anatomic Pathology and Medical Director of the Histology Laboratory at Mayo Clinic.00:57 Can you give us a little background as to how you came in to this world of anatomic pathology and also where did this interest of salivary gland tumors come from?02:09 What are the things that come to your attention when people are asking about salivary gland tumors?03:13 When you talk about getting a small biopsy, are we talking about getting a punch biopsy for skin or are we talking about a fine needle aspirate where your just getting cytology? 04:11 Can you get in to a little bit on where this challenge comes from, whether something is benign, malignant, kind of predicting that behavior?05:46 How do you train up pathologists to make these calls and recognize malignant from benign?07:04 Can you elaborate on some of the additional testing you’re talking about (immunohistochemical staining and liquid kind of samples)?08:48 So, in a more targeted way you are able to make a diagnosis. Is that also true for how we are treating these cancers? Are we able to do targeted therapy based on the pathology that we are getting?09:54 You’ve just recently completed a book “The Atlas of Salivary Gland Pathology.” What surprised you most about what it took to put together this atlas?10:35 Is it true that head and neck pathology is the most challenging sub-specialty within all of anatomic pathology?11:02 What sort of things should be features that are concerning, so that when you hear this in the history you really want to do a thorough exam of the patients mouth, face, and neck features?  13:35 OutroResources: Atlas of Salivary Gland Pathology, 2019, Springer Publishing (JJ Garcia)

Time Stamps00:00 Podcast Intro00:37 Introduction of Joaquin Garcia, Vice Chair of Laboratories in the Division of Anatomic Pathology and Medical Director of the Histology Laboratory at Mayo Clinic.00:57 Can you give us a little background as to how you came in to this world of anatomic pathology and also where did this interest of salivary gland tumors come from?02:09 What are the things that come to your attention when people are asking about salivary gland tumors?03:13 When you talk about getting a small biopsy, are we talking about getting a punch biopsy for skin or are we talking about a fine needle aspirate where your just getting cytology? 04:11 Can you get in to a little bit on where this challenge comes from, whether something is benign, malignant, kind of predicting that behavior?05:46 How do you train up pathologists to make these calls and recognize malignant from benign?07:04 Can you elaborate on some of the additional testing you’re talking about (immunohistochemical staining and liquid kind of samples)?08:48 So, in a more targeted way you are able to make a diagnosis. Is that also true for how we are treating these cancers? Are we able to do targeted therapy based on the pathology that we are getting?09:54 You’ve just recently completed a book “The Atlas of Salivary Gland Pathology.” What surprised you most about what it took to put together this atlas?10:35 Is it true that head and neck pathology is the most challenging sub-specialty within all of anatomic pathology?11:02 What sort of things should be features that are concerning, so that when you hear this in the history you really want to do a thorough exam of the patients mouth, face, and neck features?  13:35 OutroResources:  Atlas of Salivary Gland Pathology, 2019, Springer Publishing (JJ Garcia)

My Mouth Is Not Watering: The Perplexing World of Salivary Gland Pathology

Time Stamps00:00 Podcast Intro00:30 Introduction of Robin Patel, M.D. the Division Chair of Clinical Microbiology at Mayo Clinic 00:42 What is the 16S Ribosomal RNA gene?1:28  How is it detected and sequenced in clinical microbiology?2:33 What does this mean for physicians and their patients now that this is something that can be done in the microbiology lab?4:23 How has the testing for this gene changed?5:58 Can you take us through an interesting case you have come across?9:47 What are the limitations when you’re talking about this kind of testing?11:15 Where is this headed? Are we headed towards next-gen sequencing for 16S?11:51 So, that will be helpful when you’re talking about using it directly on a patient sample vs. a pure colony that you’re using the testing on?12:29 What’s the turnaround time for this kind of test? 14:08 Where does this 16S Ribosomal RNA gene testing fit in the toolbox of who should be ordering this?15:21 What is it that you wish the medical community knew about the microbiology lab?16:34 OutroResources:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5652441/  https://jcm.asm.org/content/55/9/2599 

Time Stamps 00:00 Podcast Intro00:30 Introduction of Robin Patel, M.D. the Division Chair of Clinical Microbiology at Mayo Clinic 00:42 What is the 16S Ribosomal RNA gene?1:28  How is it detected and sequenced in clinical microbiology?2:33 What does this mean for physicians and their patients now that this is something that can be done in the microbiology lab?4:23 How has the testing for this gene changed?5:58 Can you take us through an interesting case you have come across?9:47 What are the limitations when you’re talking about this kind of testing?11:15 Where is this headed? Are we headed towards next-gen sequencing for 16S?11:51 So, that will be helpful when you’re talking about using it directly on a patient sample vs. a pure colony that you’re using the testing on?12:29 What’s the turnaround time for this kind of test? 14:08 Where does this 16S Ribosomal RNA gene testing fit in the toolbox of who should be ordering this?15:21 What is it that you wish the medical community knew about the microbiology lab?16:34 OutroResources: <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5652441/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5652441/</a> <a href="https://jcm.asm.org/content/55/9/2599" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">https://jcm.asm.org/content/55/9/2599</a>

Advancements in Microbiology Diagnostics and the 16S Ribosomal RNA Gene

Time Stamps00:00 Podcast Intro00:58 What is clinical decision support? How does that fit in to patient blood management?02:37 Can you tell us how clinical decision support is similar to education and how it is a little different than straight forward education?04:53 How do you make clinical decision support successful? 07:11 Can you share how the collaboration between you and IT has gone? How have you navigated to make sure you can come out with the best and most meaningful clinical support?10:14 What are some of the pitfalls from implementing clinical decision support? 13:55 Will you share your thoughts on evaluating a clinical decision support program?16:33 It sounds like there is a lot of quantitative measurements, how about qualitative measurements?17:45 What has surprised you most about patient blood management? 19:39 What does the future look like regarding clinical decision support?21:33 As a bedside physician, what do you wish the laboratory understood about your practice?25:01 Can you share a personal story on how reaching out to the lab has made a difference for one of your patients?

Time Stamps00:00 Podcast Intro00:58 What is clinical decision support? How does that fit in to patient blood management?02:37 Can you tell us how clinical decision support is similar to education and how it is a little different than straight forward education?04:53 How do you make clinical decision support successful? 07:11 Can you share how the collaboration between you and IT has gone? How have you navigated to make sure you can come out with the best and most meaningful clinical support?10:14 What are some of the pitfalls from implementing clinical decision support? 13:55 Will you share your thoughts on evaluating a clinical decision support program?16:33 It sounds like there is a lot of quantitative measurements, how about qualitative measurements?17:45 What has surprised you most about patient blood management? 19:39 What does the future look like regarding clinical decision support?21:33 As a bedside physician, what do you wish the laboratory understood about your practice?25:01 Can you share a personal story on how reaching out to the lab has made a difference for one of your patients?

Clinical Decision Support: Making It Easy to Do the Right Thing

Time Stamps00:00 Podcast Intro00:42 When is a genetic test useful?02:15 What situations would genetic testing not be helpful for?03:15 Since pharmacogenomic testing isn’t useful for every drug, how do we know when it is useful? 05:15 I’ve seen commercials for genetic testing. Can you talk about these?  05:55 So, you’re saying that a private citizen could get some genetic testing performed?  06:32 I imagine you have gotten a couple of phone calls from people asking what do to with their results? Do people sometimes call you about this?07:44 Can you talk about the differences between what you are going to do in your lab when you’re doing pharmacogenomic testing and what might be available to a patient as a direct-to-consumer?09:32 That makes me curious, does that mean that some of these direct-to-consumer tests are including alleles that are only for the white population? Or, are they including ones that are relevant to Latino, African-American, Asian communities too?11:00 Is there genetic testing that can talk about what type of diet I should follow and what type of exercise I should be doing? 12:45 Will everyone have their genomes sequences in a few years? 15:18 Can you explain what you mean when you say the test is getting better overtime?18:00 What is the role of the laboratory in performing a genetic test?22:58 OutroAdditional Resources:·  CPIC webpage http://cpicgx.org to see guidelines for pharmacogenomics·  Genetic Testing Registry https://www.ncvi.nlm.nih.gov/gtr/ 

Time Stamps 00:00 Podcast Intro00:42 When is a genetic test useful?02:15 What situations would genetic testing not be helpful for?03:15 Since pharmacogenomic testing isn’t useful for every drug, how do we know when it is useful? 05:15 I’ve seen commercials for genetic testing. Can you talk about these?  05:55 So, you’re saying that a private citizen could get some genetic testing performed?  06:32 I imagine you have gotten a couple of phone calls from people asking what do to with their results? Do people sometimes call you about this?07:44 Can you talk about the differences between what you are going to do in your lab when you’re doing pharmacogenomic testing and what might be available to a patient as a direct-to-consumer?09:32 That makes me curious, does that mean that some of these direct-to-consumer tests are including alleles that are only for the white population? Or, are they including ones that are relevant to Latino, African-American, Asian communities too?11:00 Is there genetic testing that can talk about what type of diet I should follow and what type of exercise I should be doing? 12:45 Will everyone have their genomes sequences in a few years? 15:18 Can you explain what you mean when you say the test is getting better overtime?18:00 What is the role of the laboratory in performing a genetic test?22:58 OutroAdditional Resources: ·  CPIC webpage <a href="http://cpicgx.org" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">http://cpicgx.org</a> to see guidelines for pharmacogenomics·  Genetic Testing Registry <a href="https://www.ncvi.nlm.nih.gov/gtr/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">https://www.ncvi.nlm.nih.gov/gtr/</a>

New Year, New You, Same Genes!

Time Stamps00:00 Podcast Intro 02:20 For those of us that aren’t in the education technology movement can you give us a little bit of that 50,000 foot view and orientate us, and where we should think about starting?03:15 Quick tips to consider as a starting place for Virtual Learning: 1.) Presence 2.) Communication 3.) Authenticity05:25 Synchronous vs. asynchronous environments07:21 What are some ways we can make this virtual environment work for effectiveness?09:48 Do you have some tips as far as, are there two or three things that come to the forefront of your mind? I think many people haven’t thought about wait time or down time in a virtual domain. Can you give an example or two of where someone might get off the ground trying this?12:16 What are your thoughts about how we can facilitate, encourage, and coach that engagement in our learners in a virtual environment?12:52 What is netiquette? 13:47 How does the netiquette feed into this engagement of learners?16:30 Free collaborative tools available: Google Forms, Google Docs and MindMeister17:58 Transitioning more to the learner mind and learner perspective, are there any recommendations for someone who hasn’t learned this way historically in the past, to give this virtual learning its best opportunity?21:04 How could educators monitor this environment to get that valuable feedback?24:35 A lot of things are changing when we are using a virtual environment. What things are not changing?27:28 Outro Additional Resources:Mayo Clinic:· https://mayocliniceducatorscentral.blubrry.net/2020/03/17/virtual-class-now-how-to-move-your-education-online-in-a-hurry-ep14/ Twitter:· @erhall1· @MayoFacDev· #HMICommunity  MedEd/HPE: · https://www.aliem.com/teaching-age-covid-19-wrap-up/· Flipped Classroom in Medical Education: Engaging Students to Build Competency https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.4137/JMECD.S23895  Higher Education Resources:· Association of Colleges and University Educators: https://acue.org/online-teaching-toolkit/· Chronicle in Higher Education: Going Online in a Hurry· Recent Learning Scientist.org Blog · https://teachremotely.harvard.edu/· https://ai.umich.edu/keep-teaching/ 1.     Learning to Teach Online: Understanding &amp; Optimizing an Online Learning Experience by Elizabeth Syben King (@elizabethonline) for Medium.2.     Welcome to ACUE's Online Teaching Toolkit by Association of College and University Educators (@ACUE_HQ)3.     Uploading lecture videos on YouTube by Dr Megan Sumeracki (@DrSumeracki)4.     Going Online in a Hurry: What to Do and Where to Start by Michelle D. Miller for the Chronicle VitaeAdditional Episode Notes:Virtual/Remote Learning – 50,000 Ft View Start simple when thinking shifting to virtual – even if you have to move fast (identity dissonance)  Facilitator presence is key in virtual environments 1.       Connect:  How do connect with learners? ·         Synchronously  - Shift to a video conferencing platform (Zoom, Blackboard Collaborate, other)·         Asynchronously – Traditional and non-traditional learning management systems, email, Slack·         Be available and accessible: Virtual Office Hours,  2.       Communicate: What do my learners need to know? ·         Reduce cognitive load by sharing expectations of learners/ participants – help them understand how to interact  in this new context (netiquette – virtual etiquette) ·         Audio: ·         Video: ·         Be Transparent – concise communication key and narrating the flow of the experience (be deliberate)·         Include wait time – not only processing by muting and unmuting technology  3.       Be Authentic: How can I maintain my personal touch? ·         Address people by name·         Make eye contact ·         Encourage, acknowledge, and reinforce contributions ·         Reinforce what supporting each other looks like·         Demonstrate appreciation and gratitude ·         Have fun – add humor ·         Give people grace – we are all in this together  One you have done these three things we are ready to start thinking about:  Delivery:  Now, what do I do once I am connected to my learners? Engagement Strategies and Tactics –Learners contribute to Community I want to frame this question on the premise that learning is social by nature and science of learning principles.  In other words: ·         How are we maximizing techniques in which people learn by engaging with others - active learning techniques to organize new learning and link to previous knowledge - exposure to how others think, think critically·         How do we engage learners in retrieval of information, elaboration of ideas, and using specific examples to understand abstract ideas·         How do we plan for learners to thinking about their thinking - metacognition It is common to think about content first which is important in order to scaffolding learning. Establishing what direction instruction is necessary – ·         Essentially how it can be used to a focal point for designing the experience ·         Move from introduction of content &gt; exploration &gt; integration &gt; application/creation  So if moving online quickly you may have no other option than to do a synchronous virtual lecture or didactic session until you have time to explore alternative approaches (repurpose existing content). If this is the situation you find yourself in case consider a microlecture or perhaps chunking your lecture into bite-size consumable segments. This allows for using this valuable time together to engage learners with the content. These short segments promote checking for understanding, asking probing questions, ensuring the voice of the learner are integrated.  Also consider recording the microlectures (use YouTube, Kaltura, or podcasting) for repurposing in the future or for playback if learners were unable to attend.  Exploration: Communication and Information Sharing Chat/BackchannelWhatApp, SlackDiscussion: VoiceThread, FlipGrid   Collaborative Inquiry: Integrate, Apply, and Create Breakout Rooms for problem solving Whiteboard Annotation Collaborative Workspaces: Google Docs, PadletConcept and Mind Maps: Mindmeister Ongoing assessment and metacognition Polling or gestures Reflection: FlipGrid iAnnotate PDF Google Forms Explain Everything Socrative Mentimeter LEARNERS·         Curating content – Ask them what is ready to go ·         Synthesize discussions happening·         Creating technology based content for retrieval practice  Differentiating for various learners – include non-GME/workforce In regards to the current situation at hand there is new information coming in daily in relation to learners and interactions in the physical learning environment. Those updates are being posted on our Mayo Clinic Education homepage at college.mayo.edu  Non-Clinical: ·         Pulling-in learner voice early on ·         Frequent formative assessments – science of learning principles – interleaving and spaced practice  Clinical: ·         Co-creation of knowledge; verbal walking through thought processes  ·         Virtual Post-It Pearls ·         Narrating the feel of the room and the bedside frequently, creating a lot of in/then scenarios Workforce: ·         Just-in-Time resources ·         Application  Monitor, elicit feedback, when take action to respond (Correct tool, monitor how things are going)Synchronous:                 Pause and Post                 Use the raise hand features or similar non-verbal features                Do what my colleague calls “pulse checks”  Asynchronous:                 Ongoing basis – use Brookfield CIQ Despite technology, what are fundamentals of good teachingIt is about the pedagogy, andragogy – not the technology Think about the human side of things Be deliberate as a practitioner: ·         Integrate formative assessments ·         Engage in collaborative co –creation of knowledge and problem solvingLearn from and with your learners

Time Stamps 00:00 Podcast Intro 02:20 For those of us that aren’t in the education technology movement can you give us a little bit of that 50,000 foot view and orientate us, and where we should think about starting?03:15 Quick tips to consider as a starting place for Virtual Learning: 1.) Presence 2.) Communication 3.) Authenticity05:25 Synchronous vs. asynchronous environments07:21 What are some ways we can make this virtual environment work for effectiveness?09:48 Do you have some tips as far as, are there two or three things that come to the forefront of your mind? I think many people haven’t thought about wait time or down time in a virtual domain. Can you give an example or two of where someone might get off the ground trying this?12:16 What are your thoughts about how we can facilitate, encourage, and coach that engagement in our learners in a virtual environment?12:52 What is netiquette? 13:47 How does the netiquette feed into this engagement of learners?16:30 Free collaborative tools available: Google Forms, Google Docs and MindMeister17:58 Transitioning more to the learner mind and learner perspective, are there any recommendations for someone who hasn’t learned this way historically in the past, to give this virtual learning its best opportunity?21:04 How could educators monitor this environment to get that valuable feedback?24:35 A lot of things are changing when we are using a virtual environment. What things are not changing?27:28 Outro Additional Resources: Mayo Clinic:· <a href="https://mayocliniceducatorscentral.blubrry.net/2020/03/17/virtual-class-now-how-to-move-your-education-online-in-a-hurry-ep14/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">https://mayocliniceducatorscentral.blubrry.net/2020/03/17/virtual-class-now-how-to-move-your-education-online-in-a-hurry-ep14/</a> Twitter:· @erhall1· @MayoFacDev· #HMICommunity  MedEd/HPE: · <a href="https://www.aliem.com/teaching-age-covid-19-wrap-up/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">https://www.aliem.com/teaching-age-covid-19-wrap-up/</a>· Flipped Classroom in Medical Education: Engaging Students to Build Competency <a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.4137/JMECD.S23895" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.4137/JMECD.S23895</a> Higher Education Resources:· Association of Colleges and University Educators: <a href="https://acue.org/online-teaching-toolkit/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">https://acue.org/online-teaching-toolkit/</a>· Chronicle in Higher Education: Going Online in a Hurry· Recent Learning <a href="http://Scientist.org" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Scientist.org</a> Blog · <a href="https://teachremotely.harvard.edu/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">https://teachremotely.harvard.edu/</a>· <a href="https://ai.umich.edu/keep-teaching/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">https://ai.umich.edu/keep-teaching/</a> 1.     <a href="https://medium.com/@elizabethonline/learning-to-teach-online-understanding-optimizing-an-online-learning-experience-e26cbd0fa460" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Learning to Teach Online: Understanding &amp; Optimizing an Online Learning Experience</a> by Elizabeth Syben King (<a href="https://www.twitter.com/elizabethonline" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">@elizabethonline</a>) for Medium.2.     <a href="https://acue.org/online-teaching-toolkit/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Welcome to ACUE's Online Teaching Toolkit</a> by Association of College and University Educators (<a href="https://www.twitter.com/ACUE_HQ" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">@ACUE_HQ</a>)3.     <a href="https://www.learningscientists.org/s/Uploading-Lecture-Videos-to-YouTube.pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Uploading lecture videos on YouTube</a> by Dr Megan Sumeracki (<a href="https://www.twitter.com/DrSumeracki" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">@DrSumeracki</a>)4.     <a href="https://chroniclevitae.com/news/2315-going-online-in-a-hurry-what-to-do-and-where-to-start?cid=VTEVPMSED1" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Going Online in a Hurry: What to Do and Where to Start</a> by Michelle D. Miller for the Chronicle Vitae Additional Episode Notes:Virtual/Remote Learning – 50,000 Ft View Start simple when thinking shifting to virtual – even if you have to move fast (identity dissonance)  Facilitator presence is key in virtual environments 1.       Connect:  How do connect with learners? ·         Synchronously  - Shift to a video conferencing platform (Zoom, Blackboard Collaborate, other)·         Asynchronously – Traditional and non-traditional learning management systems, email, Slack·         Be available and accessible: Virtual Office Hours,  2.       Communicate: What do my learners need to know? ·         Reduce cognitive load by sharing expectations of learners/ participants – help them understand how to interact  in this new context (netiquette – virtual etiquette) ·         Audio: ·         Video: ·         Be Transparent – concise communication key and narrating the flow of the experience (be deliberate)·         Include wait time – not only processing by muting and unmuting technology  3.       Be Authentic: How can I maintain my personal touch? ·         Address people by name·         Make eye contact ·         Encourage, acknowledge, and reinforce contributions ·         Reinforce what supporting each other looks like·         Demonstrate appreciation and gratitude ·         Have fun – add humor ·         Give people grace – we are all in this together  One you have done these three things we are ready to start thinking about:  Delivery:  Now, what do I do once I am connected to my learners? Engagement Strategies and Tactics –Learners contribute to Community I want to frame this question on the premise that learning is social by nature and science of learning principles.  In other words: ·         How are we maximizing techniques in which people learn by engaging with others - active learning techniques to organize new learning and link to previous knowledge - exposure to how others think, think critically·         How do we engage learners in retrieval of information, elaboration of ideas, and using specific examples to understand abstract ideas·         How do we plan for learners to thinking about their thinking - metacognition It is common to think about content first which is important in order to scaffolding learning. Establishing what direction instruction is necessary – ·         Essentially how it can be used to a focal point for designing the experience ·         Move from introduction of content &gt; exploration &gt; integration &gt; application/creation  So if moving online quickly you may have no other option than to do a synchronous virtual lecture or didactic session until you have time to explore alternative approaches (repurpose existing content). If this is the situation you find yourself in case consider a microlecture or perhaps chunking your lecture into bite-size consumable segments. This allows for using this valuable time together to engage learners with the content. These short segments promote checking for understanding, asking probing questions, ensuring the voice of the learner are integrated.  Also consider recording the microlectures (use YouTube, Kaltura, or podcasting) for repurposing in the future or for playback if learners were unable to attend.  Exploration: Communication and Information Sharing Chat/BackchannelWhatApp, SlackDiscussion: VoiceThread, FlipGrid   Collaborative Inquiry: Integrate, Apply, and Create Breakout Rooms for problem solving Whiteboard Annotation Collaborative Workspaces: Google Docs, PadletConcept and Mind Maps: Mindmeister Ongoing assessment and metacognition Polling or gestures Reflection: FlipGrid iAnnotate PDF  Google Forms Explain Everything Socrative Mentimeter LEARNERS·         Curating content – Ask them what is ready to go ·         Synthesize discussions happening·         Creating technology based content for retrieval practice  Differentiating for various learners – include non-GME/workforce In regards to the current situation at hand there is new information coming in daily in relation to learners and interactions in the physical learning environment. Those updates are being posted on our Mayo Clinic Education homepage at <a href="http://college.mayo.edu" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">college.mayo.edu</a> Non-Clinical: ·         Pulling-in learner voice early on ·         Frequent formative assessments – science of learning principles – interleaving and spaced practice  Clinical: ·         Co-creation of knowledge; verbal walking through thought processes  ·         Virtual Post-It Pearls ·         Narrating the feel of the room and the bedside frequently, creating a lot of in/then scenarios Workforce: ·         Just-in-Time resources ·         Application   Monitor, elicit feedback, when take action to respond (Correct tool, monitor how things are going)Synchronous:                 Pause and Post                 Use the raise hand features or similar non-verbal features                Do what my colleague calls “pulse checks”  Asynchronous:                 Ongoing basis – use Brookfield CIQ  Despite technology, what are fundamentals of good teachingIt is about the pedagogy, andragogy – not the technology Think about the human side of things Be deliberate as a practitioner: ·         Integrate formative assessments ·         Engage in collaborative co –creation of knowledge and problem solvingLearn from and with your learners

Virtual Facilitator Presence: Ready Player 2?

Time Stamps00:00 Podcast Intro 01:08 Introduction of Stacey Rizza, M.D.01:50 What is the natural course of HIV if left untreated, and what effects would it have on the body? 03:41 So given those numbers then, who should be tested for HIV?04:32 How should HIV be treated?05:29 Do people living with HIV then when they are on therapy need any additional, special kind of care?06:44 So if someone who’s living with HIV is actually receiving the treatment and doing everything they should be doing, will the disease naturally shorten their life?07:28 Now given that we’re talking about sexually transmitted diseases, is it safe for a person with HIV to have unprotected sex?09:57 Given those conversations, is that usually how it goes when people ask how HIV can be prevented, or is there more to it?11:59 Another thing that’s coming out every month or so we hear about the new technological advances towards a cure for HIV, so how are we doing on that? Is HIV curable? 13:35  So one of the things that comes up fairly frequently every few years is the Delta 32 mutation, which is a mutation that it’s my understanding intrinsically confers some level of resistance against HIV infection?15:50 HIV is a very large global burden and as a result there has been a lot of outreach around the world from many different organizations. Here in American in 2003, President George W. Bush signed PEPFAR, The President's Emergency Plan For AIDS Relief.  What are your thoughts on how well it’s been doing?17:48 To shift gears here, we’re going to shift from viruses to bacteria. One in particular with a tumultuous history is syphilis. What is syphilis and what effects does it have on the body?21:08 So that being said, with it having an asymptomatic period where it doesn’t look like you have it at all, who should be tested for syphilis?  21:57 How is syphilis treated?22:36 So if someone is treated for syphilis, can it reoccur? 23:30 What about prevention? Can syphilitic infection be prevented?24:14 According to the CDC congenital syphilis cases has risen consecutively over the last five years, is there anything we should be doing for increased surveillance?25:42 What does congenital syphilis look like?26:23 Is there a vaccine for syphilis?27:39 Outro

Time Stamps 00:00 Podcast Intro 01:08 Introduction of Stacey Rizza, M.D.01:50 What is the natural course of HIV if left untreated, and what effects would it have on the body? 03:41 So given those numbers then, who should be tested for HIV?04:32 How should HIV be treated?05:29 Do people living with HIV then when they are on therapy need any additional, special kind of care?06:44 So if someone who’s living with HIV is actually receiving the treatment and doing everything they should be doing, will the disease naturally shorten their life?07:28 Now given that we’re talking about sexually transmitted diseases, is it safe for a person with HIV to have unprotected sex?09:57 Given those conversations, is that usually how it goes when people ask how HIV can be prevented, or is there more to it?11:59 Another thing that’s coming out every month or so we hear about the new technological advances towards a cure for HIV, so how are we doing on that? Is HIV curable? 13:35  So one of the things that comes up fairly frequently every few years is the Delta 32 mutation, which is a mutation that it’s my understanding intrinsically confers some level of resistance against HIV infection?15:50 HIV is a very large global burden and as a result there has been a lot of outreach around the world from many different organizations. Here in American in 2003, President George W. Bush signed PEPFAR, The President's Emergency Plan For AIDS Relief.  What are your thoughts on how well it’s been doing?17:48 To shift gears here, we’re going to shift from viruses to bacteria. One in particular with a tumultuous history is syphilis. What is syphilis and what effects does it have on the body?21:08 So that being said, with it having an asymptomatic period where it doesn’t look like you have it at all, who should be tested for syphilis?  21:57 How is syphilis treated?22:36 So if someone is treated for syphilis, can it reoccur? 23:30 What about prevention? Can syphilitic infection be prevented?24:14 According to the CDC congenital syphilis cases has risen consecutively over the last five years, is there anything we should be doing for increased surveillance?25:42 What does congenital syphilis look like?26:23 Is there a vaccine for syphilis?27:39 Outro

The Littlest Things in Life - The Burning Sensations of Love: Let's Talk STDs (Part 1)

Time Stamps00:00 Podcast Intro 00:31 Introduction of Matt Binnicker, Ph.D.01:07 Can you talk about why it’s so important for people to discuss chlamydia and gonorrhea and why healthcare providers and the general public today need to have a good understanding of the causes of these STDs? 02:32 So we just spoke to Dr. Rizza about how over the last five years, STDs have risen each year consecutively. Is there any reason why we have an increased incidence over this timeline with these infections?03:31 How are these diagnosed in the laboratory? How do we actually figure out if you have this or not?04:22 Those diagnostic processes, do you think those are going to change at all in the future or evolve, or do you think what we have is good?06:28 So why is important then to have accurate and rapid laboratory test results for chlamydia and gonorrhea? 07:17 So with regards to the disease itself, if a patient becomes infected how are they managed?08:50 With drug resistant gonorrhea being in the news so often, the next real concern is how worried should we be about it?09:58 What should be the big takeaway the audience should get from talking about gonorrhea and chlamydia?11:45 Outro

Time Stamps 00:00 Podcast Intro 00:31 Introduction of Matt Binnicker, Ph.D.01:07 Can you talk about why it’s so important for people to discuss chlamydia and gonorrhea and why healthcare providers and the general public today need to have a good understanding of the causes of these STDs? 02:32 So we just spoke to Dr. Rizza about how over the last five years, STDs have risen each year consecutively. Is there any reason why we have an increased incidence over this timeline with these infections?03:31 How are these diagnosed in the laboratory? How do we actually figure out if you have this or not?04:22 Those diagnostic processes, do you think those are going to change at all in the future or evolve, or do you think what we have is good?06:28 So why is important then to have accurate and rapid laboratory test results for chlamydia and gonorrhea? 07:17 So with regards to the disease itself, if a patient becomes infected how are they managed?08:50 With drug resistant gonorrhea being in the news so often, the next real concern is how worried should we be about it?09:58 What should be the big takeaway the audience should get from talking about gonorrhea and chlamydia?11:45 Outro

The Littlest Things in Life - The Burning Sensations of Love: Let's Talk STDs (Part 2)

Time Stamps 00:00 Podcast Intro  03:19 How did you choose forensic pathology as a career? 04:30 Where did you train and where were you prior to Mayo? 05:08 Can you discuss in general the practice of forensic pathology, and the difference between hospital and medicolegal autopsies? 06:37 How often do forensic pathology and microbiology intersect? 07:57 What are the challenges of performing microbiology studies in your practice? 08:54 What types of interesting microbiology cases have you seen so far? 13:13 You practiced in Dallas for almost 15 years.  Can you tell us about the Ebola scare in 2014? Were you involved in the one fatality? 21:26 Given the information you now have learned regarding the Ebola outbreak in 2014 and the COVID outbreak now, to what level are we prepared for what comes next?Resources:https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/coronavirus/symptoms-causes/syc-20479963?_ga=2.125131913.207068228.1583341931-1731071377.1580216385https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/cases-in-us.html

Time Stamps 00:00 Podcast Intro  03:19 How did you choose forensic pathology as a career? 04:30 Where did you train and where were you prior to Mayo? 05:08 Can you discuss in general the practice of forensic pathology, and the difference between hospital and medicolegal autopsies? 06:37 How often do forensic pathology and microbiology intersect? 07:57 What are the challenges of performing microbiology studies in your practice? 08:54 What types of interesting microbiology cases have you seen so far? 13:13 You practiced in Dallas for almost 15 years.  Can you tell us about the Ebola scare in 2014? Were you involved in the one fatality? 21:26 Given the information you now have learned regarding the Ebola outbreak in 2014 and the COVID outbreak now, to what level are we prepared for what comes next?Resources:<a href="https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/coronavirus/symptoms-causes/syc-20479963?_ga=2.125131913.207068228.1583341931-1731071377.1580216385" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/coronavirus/symptoms-causes/syc-20479963?_ga=2.125131913.207068228.1583341931-1731071377.1580216385 </a> <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/cases-in-us.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/cases-in-us.html </a>

The Littlest Things in Life - From Dust to Dust: Microbiology and the Medical Autopsy

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