The bureaucrat is in a peculiar position: he is both employer and employee. And his pecuniary interest as employee towers above his interest as employer, as he gets much more from the public funds than he contributes to them. From Chapter V: "The Social and Political Implications of Bureaucratization". Narrated by Millian Quinteros.

5.3. The Bureaucrat as a Voter

Under a market society the profit motive is the directing principle. Under government control it is regimentation. There is no third possibility left. From Chapter V: "The Social and Political Implications of Bureaucratization". Narrated by Millian Quinteros.

5.5. Who Should Be the Master?

The aim of the popularization of economic studies is not to make every man an economist. The idea is to equip the citizen for his civic functions in community life. The conflict between capitalism and totalitarianism—on the outcome of which the fate of civilization depends—will not be decided by civil wars and revolutions. It is a war of ideas. Public opinion will determine victory and defeat. From Chapter VII: "Is There Any Remedy Available?". Narrated by Millian Quinteros.

7.3. The Plain Citizen versus the Professional Propagandist of Bureaucratization

Capitalism is a system under which everybody has the chance of acquiring wealth. Not everybody, of course, is favored by good luck. But everybody knows that strenuous effort pays. All roads are open to the smart youngster. Life is worth living because it is full of promise. All this was literally true of America. But it is quite a different thing under the rising tide of bureaucratization. From Chapter VI: "The Psychological Consquences of Bureaucratization". Narrated by Millian Quinteros.

6.1. The German Youth Movement

The capitalist variety of competition is to outdo other people on the market through offering better and cheaper goods. The bureaucratic variety consists in intrigues at the "courts" of those in power. From Chapter VI: "The Psychological Consquences of Bureaucratization". Narrated by Millian Quinteros.

6.5. The Vanishing of the Critical Sense

Bureaucratization is necessarily rigid because it involves the observation of established rules and practices. But in social life rigidity amounts to petrification and death. From Chapter VI: "The Psychological Consquences of Bureaucratization". Narrated by Millian Quinteros.

6.3. Authoritarian Guardianship and Progress

The German youth movement was an impotent and abortive revolt of youth against the menace of bureaucratization. However, it was doomed because it did not attack the seed of the evil: the trend toward socialization. From Chapter VI: "The Psychological Consquences of Bureaucratization". Narrated by Millian Quinteros.

6.2. The Fate of the Rising Generation Within a Bureaucratic Environment

No private enterprise will ever fall prey to bureaucratic methods of management if it is operated with the sole aim of making profit. From Chapter IV: "Bureaucratic Management of Private Enterprises". Narrated by Millian Quinteros.

4.1. How Government Interference and the Impairment of the Profit Motive Drive Business Toward Bureaucratization

The spurious catchwords and fallacious doctrines of the advocates of government control, socialism, communism, planning, and totalitarianism cannot be unmasked except by economic reasoning. Whether one likes it or not, it is a fact that the main issues of present-day politics are purely economic and cannot be understood without a grasp of economic theory. From Chapter VII: "Is There Any Remedy Available?". Narrated by Millian Quinteros.

7.2. Economics versus Planning and Totalitarianism

Bureaucratization is only a particular feature of socialization. The main matter is: Capitalism or Socialism? From Chapter VII: "Is There Any Remedy Available?". Narrated by Millian Quinteros.

7.1. Past Failures

Bureaucracy

A bureaucrat differs from a non-bureaucrat precisely because he is working in a field in which it is impossible to appraise the result of a man's effort in terms of money. The nation spends money for the upkeep of the bureaus, but what it gets for the expenditure cannot be appraised in terms of money, however important and valuable this "output" may be. Its appraisal depends on the discretion of the government. From Chapter II: "Bureaucratic Management". Narrated by Millian Quinteros.

2.5. Bureaucratic Personnel Management

The truth is that the government cannot give if it does not take from somebody. A subsidy is never paid by the government out of its own funds. Inflation and credit expansion do not add anything to the amount of resources available. They make some people more prosperous, but only to the extent that they make others poorer. From Chapter V: "The Social and Political Implications of Bureaucratization". Narrated by Millian Quinteros.

5.4. The Bureaucratization of the Mind

There has always been bureaucracy in America. What characterizes our time is the expansion of the sphere of government interference with business and with many other items of the citizenry's affairs. And this results in a substitution of bureaucratic management for profit management. From Chapter II: "Bureaucratic Management". Narrated by Millian Quinteros.

2.2. Bureaucracy Within a Democracy

Socialism (i.e., full government control of all economic activities) is impracticable, because a socialist community lacks the indispensable intellectual instrument of economic planning and designing: economic calculation. The very idea of central planning by the state is self-contradictory. From Chapter III: "Bureaucratic Management of Publicly Owned Enterprises". Narrated by Millian Quinteros.

3.1. The Impracticability of Government All-round Control

The State is the only institution entitled to apply coercion and compulsion and to inflict harm upon individuals. From Chapter V: "The Social and Political Implications of Bureaucratization". Narrated by Millian Quinteros.

5.1. The Philosophy of Bureaucratism

It was a purposeful confusion on the part of the German metaphysicians of statolatry that they clothed all men in the government service with the gloriole of altruistic self-sacrifice. From Chapter V: "The Social and Political Implications of Bureaucratization". Narrated by Millian Quinteros.

5.2. Bureaucratic Complacency

The first virtue of a government administrator is to abide by the codes and decrees. He becomes a bureaucrat. From Chapter II: "Bureaucratic Management". Narrated by Millian Quinteros.

2.1. Bureaucracy Under Despotic Government

In public administration there is no connection between revenue and expenditure. The public services are spending money only; the insignificant income derived from special sources is more or less accidental. From Chapter II: "Bureaucratic Management". Narrated by Millian Quinteros.

2.3. The Essential Features of Bureaucratic Management

A bureau is not a profit-seeking enterprise; it cannot make use of any economic calculation; it has to solve problems which are unknown to business management. It is out of the question to improve its management by reshaping it according to the pattern of private business. It is a mistake to judge the efficiency of a government department by comparing it with the working of an enterprise subject to the interplay of market factors. From Chapter II: "Bureaucratic Management". Narrated by Millian Quinteros.

2.4. The Crux of Bureaucratic Management

The capitalists, the enterprisers, and the farmers are instrumental in the conduct of economic affairs. They are at the helm and steer the ship. But they are not free to shape its course. They are not supreme, they are steersmen only, bound to obey unconditionally the captain's orders. The captain is the consumer. From Chapter I: "Profit Management". Narrated by Millian Quinteros.

1.1. The Operation of the Market Mechanism

The impracticability of all schemes of socialism and central planning is to be seen in the impossibility of any kind of economic calculation under conditions in which there is no private ownership of the means of production and consequently no market prices for these factors. From Chapter I: "Profit Management". Narrated by Millian Quinteros.

1.2. Economic Calculation

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