Harkening back to episode 73, Alexa and Yoel discuss recent evidence of fraud documented in the Data Colada blog post "Clusterfake." The post is the first in a series of four, which will collectively detail evidence of fraud in four papers co-authored by Harvard Business School Professor Francesca Gino. First, the co-hosts dive into the details, with Alexa soberly (in both senses of the word) explaining the revelations of calcChain. They go on to discuss the potential impact of these findings for collaborators, some of whom have begun conducting audits of work co-authored with Gino. In addition, they speculate about ways to reduce fraud that could relieve some of the burden from those who currently do this time-consuming and often thankless work. Finally, they consider what this means for a field still struggling to build a more trustworthy foundation.Links:Two Psychologists Four Beers on Untappd[109] Data Falsificada (Part 1): "Clusterfake" - Data ColadaSci-Hub | Signing at the beginning makes ethics salient and decreases dishonest self-reports in comparison to signing at the end. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109(38), 15197–15200 | 10.1073/pnas.1209746109Two Psychologists Four Beers Episode 73: We Need to Talk About Fraud (with Joe Simmons)Juliana Schroeder on Twitter: "I am waiting to learn more about this case. It is extremely concerning. My coauthors and I are auditing our papers with Francesca, and identifying the raw data files. I think (hope) other co-authors are doing likewise. We will announce the results of the audit when they are ready" / TwitterFleetwood Mac - Little Lies (Official Music Video) - YouTube

Harkening back to episode 73, Alexa and Yoel discuss recent evidence of fraud documented in the Data Colada blog post "Clusterfake." The post is the first in a series of four, which will collectively detail evidence of fraud in four papers co-authored by Harvard Business School Professor Francesca Gino. First, the co-hosts dive into the details, with Alexa soberly (in both senses of the word) explaining the revelations of calcChain. They go on to discuss the potential impact of these findings for collaborators, some of whom have begun conducting audits of work co-authored with Gino. In addition, they speculate about ways to reduce fraud that could relieve some of the burden from those who currently do this time-consuming and often thankless work. Finally, they consider what this means for a field still struggling to build a more trustworthy foundation.Links:<ul><li><a href="https://untappd.com/user/fourbeerspod" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Two Psychologists Four Beers on Untappd</a></li><li><a href="https://datacolada.org/109" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">[109] Data Falsificada (Part 1): "Clusterfake" - Data Colada</a></li><li><a href="https://sci-hub.se/10.1073/pnas.1209746109" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Sci-Hub | Signing at the beginning makes ethics salient and decreases dishonest self-reports in comparison to signing at the end. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109(38), 15197–15200 | 10.1073/pnas.1209746109</a></li><li><a href="https://www.fourbeers.com/73" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Two Psychologists Four Beers Episode 73: We Need to Talk About Fraud (with Joe Simmons)</a></li><li><a href="https://twitter.com/J_R_Schroeder/status/1670146156029169665" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Juliana Schroeder on Twitter: "I am waiting to learn more about this case. It is extremely concerning. My coauthors and I are auditing our papers with Francesca, and identifying the raw data files. I think (hope) other co-authors are doing likewise. We will announce the results of the audit when they are ready" / Twitter</a></li><li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uCGD9dT12C0" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Fleetwood Mac - Little Lies (Official Music Video) - YouTube</a></li></ul>

Episode 106: We Need to Talk About Fraud Again

In heated political debates, people are often accused of being hypocrites, lacking consistent foundational values. Today, Yoel and Alexa discuss a recent paper by David Pinsof, David Sears, and Martie Haselton, that challenges the commonsense notion that political belief systems stem from our core values. Instead, the authors propose that people form alliances with others, and develop political beliefs that serve to maintain those alliances. The cohosts discuss how these alliances might form, the various biases used to defend them, and whether values are truly absent from the process. They also tackle the deeper question of whether the alliance model means that neither side is right or wrong.Links:Two Psychologists Four Beers on UntappdPsyArXiv Preprints | Strange Bedfellows: The Alliance Theory of Political Belief SystemsR. Ring - "Hug" | Music Video - YouTube

In heated political debates, people are often accused of being hypocrites, lacking consistent foundational values. Today, Yoel and Alexa discuss a recent paper by David Pinsof, David Sears, and Martie Haselton, that challenges the commonsense notion that political belief systems stem from our core values. Instead, the authors propose that people form alliances with others, and develop political beliefs that serve to maintain those alliances. The cohosts discuss how these alliances might form, the various biases used to defend them, and whether values are truly absent from the process. They also tackle the deeper question of whether the alliance model means that neither side is right or wrong.Links:<ul><li><a href="https://untappd.com/user/fourbeerspod" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Two Psychologists Four Beers on Untappd</a></li><li><a href="https://psyarxiv.com/scmhe" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">PsyArXiv Preprints | Strange Bedfellows: The Alliance Theory of Political Belief Systems</a></li><li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lg6lF3OnIA0" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">R. Ring - "Hug" | Music Video - YouTube</a></li></ul>

Episode 105: Patchwork Politics

Yoel and Alexa discuss a recent paper that takes a machine learning approach to estimating the replicability of psychology as a discipline. The researchers' investigation begins with a training process, in which an artificial intelligence model identifies ways that textual descriptions differ for studies that pass versus fail manual replication tests. This model is then applied to a set of 14,126 papers published in six well-known psychology journals over the past 20 years, picking up on the textual markers that it now recognizes as signals of replicable findings. In a mysterious twist, these markers remain hidden in the black box of the algorithm. However, the researchers hand-examine a few markers of their own, testing whether things like subfield, author expertise, and media interest are associated with the replicability of findings. And, as if machine learning models weren't juicy enough, Yoel trolls Alexa with an intro topic hand-selected to infuriate her.Links:Two Psychologists Four Beers on UntappdA discipline-wide investigation of the replicability of Psychology papers over the past two decades | PNASBest-Selling Author &amp; Harvard Professor Steven Pinker Will Transform His Ideas into NFTs | BlocksterAre NFTs a Good Investment? | MoneyUnder30Miss Grit - Like You (Lyric Video) - YouTube

Yoel and Alexa discuss a recent paper that takes a machine learning approach to estimating the replicability of psychology as a discipline. The researchers' investigation begins with a training process, in which an artificial intelligence model identifies ways that textual descriptions differ for studies that pass versus fail manual replication tests. This model is then applied to a set of 14,126 papers published in six well-known psychology journals over the past 20 years, picking up on the textual markers that it now recognizes as signals of replicable findings. In a mysterious twist, these markers remain hidden in the black box of the algorithm. However, the researchers hand-examine a few markers of their own, testing whether things like subfield, author expertise, and media interest are associated with the replicability of findings. And, as if machine learning models weren't juicy enough, Yoel trolls Alexa with an intro topic hand-selected to infuriate her.Links:<ul><li><a href="https://untappd.com/user/fourbeerspod" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Two Psychologists Four Beers on Untappd</a></li><li><a href="https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2208863120" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">A discipline-wide investigation of the replicability of Psychology papers over the past two decades | PNAS</a></li><li><a href="https://blockster.com/best-selling-author-harvard-professor-steven-pinker-will-transform-his-ideas-into-nfts" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Best-Selling Author &amp; Harvard Professor Steven Pinker Will Transform His Ideas into NFTs | Blockster</a></li><li><a href="https://www.moneyunder30.com/are-nfts-a-good-investment" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Are NFTs a Good Investment? | MoneyUnder30</a></li><li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w_Dwg2Y5xzo" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Miss Grit - Like You (Lyric Video) - YouTube</a></li></ul>

Episode 104: Quantifying the Narrative of Replicable Science

Paul Bloom

Alexa and Yoel chat with Paul Bloom about his newest book, Psych: The Story of the Human Mind. The book, built from Paul's popular Introduction to Psychology course, is an opinionated overview of the field of psychology but also a window into his deep fascination with the mind. Yoel and Alexa spend some time picking Paul's brain, inquiring about writing, and teaching, and how to avoid boredom. But Paul has a few questions of his own, challenging the cohosts to consider what their own version of Psych would look like. In the process, their conversation ranges from Freudian dream content, to the limitations of psychology, to the (glaring omission of) the anatomy of the inner ear. Special Guest: Paul Bloom.Links:Two Psychologists Four Beers on UntappdPaul BloomPsych: The Story of the Human MindHow To Be Good | The New YorkerStrangers Drowning: Impossible Idealism, Drastic Choices, and the Urge to Help: MacFarquhar, Larissa: 9780143109785: Amazon.com: BooksFuture Home of the Living God: A Novel: Erdrich, Louise: 9780062694065: Amazon.com: Books

Alexa and Yoel chat with Paul Bloom about his newest book, <a href="https://amzn.to/3ZrycHk" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Psych: The Story of the Human Mind</a>. The book, built from Paul's popular Introduction to Psychology course, is an opinionated overview of the field of psychology but also a window into his deep fascination with the mind. Yoel and Alexa spend some time picking Paul's brain, inquiring about writing, and teaching, and how to avoid boredom. But Paul has a few questions of his own, challenging the cohosts to consider what their own version of Psych would look like. In the process, their conversation ranges from Freudian dream content, to the limitations of psychology, to the (glaring omission of) the anatomy of the inner ear. Special Guest: Paul Bloom.Links:<ul><li><a href="https://untappd.com/user/fourbeerspod" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Two Psychologists Four Beers on Untappd</a></li><li><a href="https://paulbloom.net/#books" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Paul Bloom</a></li><li><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Psych-Story-Human-Paul-Bloom/dp/0063096358?crid=1E760ZCUJJ6G0&amp;keywords=psych+paul+bloom&amp;qid=1678281280&amp;sprefix=psych+paul+,aps,101&amp;sr=8-1&amp;linkCode=sl1&amp;tag=fourbeers-20&amp;linkId=f451e22039567fbfbb9cd3c1356f0346&amp;language=en_US&amp;ref_=as_li_ss_tl" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Psych: The Story of the Human Mind</a></li><li><a href="https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2011/09/05/how-to-be-good" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">How To Be Good | The New Yorker</a></li><li><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Strangers-Drowning-Impossible-Idealism-Drastic/dp/0143109782/ref=sr_1_1?crid=3DY4L11CNH9V&amp;&amp;keywords=strangers+drowning&amp;&amp;qid=1677767801&amp;&amp;sprefix=strangers+drown%252Caps%252C80&amp;&amp;sr=8-1&amp;_encoding=UTF8&amp;tag=fourbeers-20&amp;linkCode=ur2&amp;linkId=dd516ac81ab5cbde3de6daadd66c3dae&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=9325" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Strangers Drowning: Impossible Idealism, Drastic Choices, and the Urge to Help: MacFarquhar, Larissa: 9780143109785: Amazon.com: Books</a></li><li><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Future-Home-Living-God-Novel/dp/0062694065?crid=1NPT2QUO7WF5V&amp;keywords=future+home+of+the+living+god+louise+erdrich&amp;qid=1677767936&amp;sprefix=future+home+of+,aps,87&amp;sr=8-1&amp;linkCode=sl1&amp;tag=fourbeers-20&amp;linkId=042c219e3409c12d3cae1cb47b25aa89&amp;language=en_US&amp;ref_=as_li_ss_tl" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Future Home of the Living God: A Novel: Erdrich, Louise: 9780062694065: Amazon.com: Books</a></li></ul>

Episode 103: Psych (with Paul Bloom)

Andrew Devendorf

Andrew Devendorf joins Alexa and Yoel to discuss his work on "me-search" (or self-relevant research) within clinical psychology. He talks about the prevalence of mental health difficulties within the field, and the harmful taboos against speaking openly about them. And, he shares his own reasons for studying depression and suicide, and how he has been discouraged from citing personal experience as a motivation for his work. Their conversation also explores common misconceptions about mental illness, strengths of self-relevant research, and ways to be more supportive to those facing mental health challenges. In the end, Yoel and Alexa fail to resolve their debate about the existence of the "unbiased researcher." Special Guest: Andrew Devendorf.Links:Two Psychologists Four Beers on UntappdAndrew Devendorf, M.A.PsyArXiv Preprints | Stigmatizing our own: Self-relevant research (Me-search) is common but frowned upon in clinical psychological sciencePsyArXiv Preprints | Is "me-search" a Kiss of Death in mental health researchOnly Human: Mental-Health Difficulties Among Clinical, Counseling, and School Psychology Faculty and TraineesMy Brother Went Missing, And The Search For Him Turned My World Upside Down | HuffPost HuffPost PersonalNADA SURF - where is my mind? (Official Video) - YouTube

Andrew Devendorf joins Alexa and Yoel to discuss his work on "me-search" (or self-relevant research) within clinical psychology. He talks about the prevalence of mental health difficulties within the field, and the harmful taboos against speaking openly about them. And, he shares his own reasons for studying depression and suicide, and how he has been discouraged from citing personal experience as a motivation for his work. Their conversation also explores common misconceptions about mental illness, strengths of self-relevant research, and ways to be more supportive to those facing mental health challenges. In the end, Yoel and Alexa fail to resolve their debate about the existence of the "unbiased researcher." Special Guest: Andrew Devendorf.Links:<ul><li><a href="https://untappd.com/user/fourbeerspod" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Two Psychologists Four Beers on Untappd</a></li><li><a href="https://sites.google.com/view/andrewdevendorf?pli=1" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Andrew Devendorf, M.A.</a></li><li><a href="https://psyarxiv.com/szg5d/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">PsyArXiv Preprints | Stigmatizing our own: Self-relevant research (Me-search) is common but frowned upon in clinical psychological science</a></li><li><a href="https://psyarxiv.com/9svfa/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">PsyArXiv Preprints | Is "me-search" a Kiss of Death in mental health research</a></li><li><a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/17456916211071079?casa_token=DESxN-MqpwwAAAAA:WAdPNSB-DOyjJqiKBUSQry9LG94r4etHe3nkrgso_Ogyk5AkZXQmBjXQjje1Hw_FKGVwTj0NmMk" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Only Human: Mental-Health Difficulties Among Clinical, Counseling, and School Psychology Faculty and Trainees</a></li><li><a href="https://www.huffpost.com/entry/missing-brother-search_n_5d67e1a5e4b063c341fc2782" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">My Brother Went Missing, And The Search For Him Turned My World Upside Down | HuffPost HuffPost Personal</a></li><li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vVUBBo2Ac1Q" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">NADA SURF - where is my mind? (Official Video) - YouTube</a></li></ul>

Episode 102: Destigmatizing Mental Health (with Andrew Devendorf)

Alexa and Yoel discuss the much trodden topic of implicit bias from a less trodden perspective: that of the general public. Offering insight into the public's views is a paper by Jeffrey Yen, Kevin Durrheim, and Romin Tafarodi, which explores public thinking about the implicit association test (IAT) through an examination of the New York Times comments section. These comments demonstrate varying reactions to the idea that negative associations with some identities - racial and otherwise - can bubble beneath the surface of our explicit attitudes. Some dismiss the IAT as "academic abstraction," while others see their scores as an opportunity for confession, or even absolution. Still others embrace the role of troll, a topic foreshadowed by our discussion of the proposed overhauling of New College of Florida.Links:Two Psychologists Four Beers on Untappd'I'm happy to own my implicit biases': Public encounters with the implicit association test - PubMedThe Bias of Individuals (in Crowds): Why Implicit Bias Is Probably a Noisily Measured Individual-Level Construct - Paul Connor, Ellen R. K. Evers, 2020Project ImplicitOpinion | DeSantis Allies Plot the Hostile Takeover of a Liberal College - The New York TimesPascal Comelade &amp; Les Limiñanas - T.B. JerK +++ - YouTube

Alexa and Yoel discuss the much trodden topic of implicit bias from a less trodden perspective: that of the general public. Offering insight into the public's views is a paper by Jeffrey Yen, Kevin Durrheim, and Romin Tafarodi, which explores public thinking about the implicit association test (IAT) through an examination of the New York Times comments section. These comments demonstrate varying reactions to the idea that negative associations with some identities - racial and otherwise - can bubble beneath the surface of our explicit attitudes. Some dismiss the IAT as "academic abstraction," while others see their scores as an opportunity for confession, or even absolution. Still others embrace the role of troll, a topic foreshadowed by our discussion of the proposed overhauling of New College of Florida.Links:<ul><li><a href="https://untappd.com/user/fourbeerspod" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Two Psychologists Four Beers on Untappd</a></li><li><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29453778/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">'I'm happy to own my implicit biases': Public encounters with the implicit association test - PubMed</a></li><li><a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1745691620931492" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">The Bias of Individuals (in Crowds): Why Implicit Bias Is Probably a Noisily Measured Individual-Level Construct - Paul Connor, Ellen R. K. Evers, 2020</a></li><li><a href="https://www.projectimplicit.net/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Project Implicit</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2023/01/09/opinion/chris-rufo-florida-ron-desantis.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Opinion | DeSantis Allies Plot the Hostile Takeover of a Liberal College - The New York Times</a></li><li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=17r045uRaAA" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Pascal Comelade &amp; Les Limiñanas - T.B. JerK +++ - YouTube</a></li></ul>

Episode 101: An Outside Perspective on Implicit Bias

Yoel and special guest Rachel Hartman discuss the recent ouster of Klaus Fiedler, the former Editor in Chief of the journal Perspectives on Psychological Science, over allegations of racism and abuse of power. They try to untangle a complicated story of peer review gone awry, explain the dueling open letters condemning and supporting Fiedler, and critically evaluate the allegations against him as well as the process that led to his dismissal as EIC. Along the way, they also talk about wine spritzers and journal prestige.Special Guest: Rachel Hartman.Links:Two Psychologists Four Beers on UntappdMore of a Comment Than a QuestionDealing with Diversity in Psychology: Science and Ideology (Roberts, 2022)Dealing with diversity in psychology: Science or ideology? (Hommel, 2022)Diversity is Diverse: Social Justice Reparations and Science (Jussim, 2022)Letter to APS calling for Fiedler to be firedLetter to APS calling for due processAPS Statements in Response to Concerns About Editorial Practices at Perspectives on Psychological ScienceJoachim Krueger's Resignation LettersInterventions to reduce partisan animosity | Nature Human BehaviourYeah Yeah Yeahs - Burning (Official Video) - YouTube

Yoel and special guest Rachel Hartman discuss the recent ouster of Klaus Fiedler, the former Editor in Chief of the journal Perspectives on Psychological Science, over allegations of racism and abuse of power. They try to untangle a complicated story of peer review gone awry, explain the dueling open letters condemning and supporting Fiedler, and critically evaluate the allegations against him as well as the process that led to his dismissal as EIC. Along the way, they also talk about wine spritzers and journal prestige.Special Guest: Rachel Hartman.Links:<ul><li><a href="https://untappd.com/user/fourbeerspod" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Two Psychologists Four Beers on Untappd</a></li><li><a href="https://moreofacomment.buzzsprout.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">More of a Comment Than a Question</a></li><li><a href="https://psyarxiv.com/xk4yu?utm_source=APS+Emails&amp;utm_campaign=870ff5fea9-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2022_12_06_12_10&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_term=0_-870ff5fea9-%5BLIST_EMAIL_ID%5D" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Dealing with Diversity in Psychology: Science and Ideology (Roberts, 2022)</a></li><li><a href="https://psyarxiv.com/hvgrm/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Dealing with diversity in psychology: Science or ideology? (Hommel, 2022)</a></li><li><a href="https://sites.rutgers.edu/lee-jussim/wp-content/uploads/sites/135/2022/12/Diversity-of-Diversity-Jussim-accepted-revised-double-spaced-2.0.pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Diversity is Diverse: Social Justice Reparations and Science (Jussim, 2022)</a></li><li><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1O212esQJDYVuiuvN3OQLg7YOD58PbhlmFjfYV3nREU4/mobilebasic" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Letter to APS calling for Fiedler to be fired</a></li><li><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1fxcdNhzuikb4S2OHFTTNP8s2KPqhbxKAlIB_q_XVpjk/edit" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Letter to APS calling for due process</a></li><li><a href="https://www.psychologicalscience.org/news/news-release/2022-december-editorial-statement.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">APS Statements in Response to Concerns About Editorial Practices at Perspectives on Psychological Science</a></li><li><a href="https://unsafescience.substack.com/p/joachim-kruegers-resignation-letters?utm_medium=email" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Joachim Krueger's Resignation Letters</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-022-01442-3" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Interventions to reduce partisan animosity | Nature Human Behaviour</a></li><li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vSffKUyr0lk" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Yeah Yeah Yeahs - Burning (Official Video) - YouTube</a></li></ul>

Episode 100: What Happened at Perspectives on Psychological Science?

In a recent article, psychologists Webb and Tangney document their experience collecting psychology data online using Amazon's crowdsourcing platform MTurk. Alarmingly, the authors conclude that ultimately only 2.6% of their sample was valid data from human beings. Yoel and Alexa weigh in on these findings, discussing what researchers can reasonably expect from online studies and platforms, and how their personal experiences have informed their own practices. They also consider a response written by Cuskley and Sulik, who argue that researchers, not recruitment platforms, are responsible for ensuring the quality of data collected online. Questions that arise include: What studies do people want to do? Does anyone read the fine print? And what are the ethics of mouse-hunting?Links:Two Psychologists Four Beers on UntappdToo Good to Be True: Bots and Bad Data From Mechanical Turk - Margaret A. Webb, June P. Tangney, 2022PsyArXiv Preprints | The burden for high-quality online data collection lies with researchers, not recruitment platformsLiving in Harmony with House Mice and Rats | PETA

In a recent article, psychologists Webb and Tangney document their experience collecting psychology data online using Amazon's crowdsourcing platform MTurk. Alarmingly, the authors conclude that ultimately only 2.6% of their sample was valid data from human beings. Yoel and Alexa weigh in on these findings, discussing what researchers can reasonably expect from online studies and platforms, and how their personal experiences have informed their own practices. They also consider a response written by Cuskley and Sulik, who argue that researchers, not recruitment platforms, are responsible for ensuring the quality of data collected online. Questions that arise include: What studies do people want to do? Does anyone read the fine print? And what are the ethics of mouse-hunting?Links:<ul><li><a href="https://untappd.com/user/fourbeerspod" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Two Psychologists Four Beers on Untappd</a></li><li><a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/17456916221120027" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Too Good to Be True: Bots and Bad Data From Mechanical Turk - Margaret A. Webb, June P. Tangney, 2022</a></li><li><a href="https://psyarxiv.com/w7qy9/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">PsyArXiv Preprints | The burden for high-quality online data collection lies with researchers, not recruitment platforms</a></li><li><a href="https://www.peta.org/issues/wildlife/living-harmony-wildlife/house-mice/#:~:text=Humanely%20Keep%20Rodents%20Out%20of,before%20eventually%20dying%20in%20agony." rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Living in Harmony with House Mice and Rats | PETA</a></li></ul>

Episode 99: Is MTurk Too Good To Be True?

Spencer Greenberg

Yoel and Alexa are joined by Spencer Greenberg, founder of the behavioral science startup incubator Spark Wave and host of the Clearer Thinking podcast. He describes how he became fascinated with psychology and behavior change, and how he's been working to provide empirically-backed strategies for everday tasks, like making decisions or forming habits. He also offers an alternative perspective on open science, arguing that a phenomenon he calls "importance hacking" has been overshadowed by p-hacking in calls for science reform. Greenberg further challenges the Alexa and Yoel to consider whether the "open scientist" will fall short of what can only be achieved by the truly "inspired scientist."  Finally, Spenccer has a major project in the works, and he gives us the honor of the big reveal.Special Guest: Spencer Greenberg.Links:Two Psychologists Four Beers on UntappdHow Much Alcohol Is in Kombucha? | Revolution FermentationCareer science, open science, and inspired science (with Alexa Tullett) | Clearer Thinking with Spencer GreenbergTransparent ReplicationsHome | Clearer Thinking with Spencer GreenbergFree Courses for Decision Making And Reasoning - ClearerThinking.orgPositly: Study Participant Recruitment for Research, Surveys, ExperimentsGuidedTrack – GuidedTrackRooks - YouTube

Yoel and Alexa are joined by Spencer Greenberg, founder of the behavioral science startup incubator Spark Wave and host of the Clearer Thinking podcast. He describes how he became fascinated with psychology and behavior change, and how he's been working to provide empirically-backed strategies for everday tasks, like making decisions or forming habits. He also offers an alternative perspective on open science, arguing that a phenomenon he calls "importance hacking" has been overshadowed by p-hacking in calls for science reform. Greenberg further challenges the Alexa and Yoel to consider whether the "open scientist" will fall short of what can only be achieved by the truly "inspired scientist." Finally, Spenccer has a major project in the works, and he gives us the honor of the big reveal.Special Guest: Spencer Greenberg.Links:<ul><li><a href="https://untappd.com/user/fourbeerspod" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Two Psychologists Four Beers on Untappd</a></li><li><a href="https://revolutionfermentation.com/en/blogs/kombucha/how-much-alcohol-kombucha/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">How Much Alcohol Is in Kombucha? | Revolution Fermentation</a></li><li><a href="https://clearerthinkingpodcast.com/episode/122" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Career science, open science, and inspired science (with Alexa Tullett) | Clearer Thinking with Spencer Greenberg</a></li><li><a href="https://replications.clearerthinking.org/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Transparent Replications</a></li><li><a href="https://clearerthinkingpodcast.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Home | Clearer Thinking with Spencer Greenberg</a></li><li><a href="https://www.clearerthinking.org/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Free Courses for Decision Making And Reasoning - ClearerThinking.org</a></li><li><a href="https://www.positly.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Positly: Study Participant Recruitment for Research, Surveys, Experiments</a></li><li><a href="https://www.guidedtrack.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">GuidedTrack – GuidedTrack</a></li><li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OCKCBnAZUXM" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Rooks - YouTube</a></li></ul>

Episode 98: Inspired Science (with Spencer Greenberg)

With grad school application deadlines around the corner, Alexa and Yoel discuss how, exactly, that process works. Big picture, they talk about their goals in selecting graduate students to work on their labs, and whether they've gotten good at the process. They also examine typical application requirements - including recommendation letters, personal statements, GPAs, and (sometimes) the GRE - and consider which they'd keep, and which they'd prefer to never deal with again.Links:Two Psychologists F. on UntappdMastodon - Decentralized social mediaMastodon - WikipediaTwo Psychologists Four Beers Episode 32: Measurement Schmeasurement (with Jessica Flake)A wave of graduate programs drops the GRE application requirement | Science | AAAS

With grad school application deadlines around the corner, Alexa and Yoel discuss how, exactly, that process works. Big picture, they talk about their goals in selecting graduate students to work on their labs, and whether they've gotten good at the process. They also examine typical application requirements - including recommendation letters, personal statements, GPAs, and (sometimes) the GRE - and consider which they'd keep, and which they'd prefer to never deal with again.Links:<ul><li><a href="https://untappd.com/user/fourbeerspod" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Two Psychologists F. on Untappd</a></li><li><a href="https://joinmastodon.org/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Mastodon - Decentralized social media</a></li><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mastodon" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Mastodon - Wikipedia</a></li><li><a href="https://www.fourbeers.com/32" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Two Psychologists Four Beers Episode 32: Measurement Schmeasurement (with Jessica Flake)</a></li><li><a href="https://www.science.org/content/article/wave-graduate-programs-drop-gre-application-requirement" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">A wave of graduate programs drops the GRE application requirement | Science | AAAS</a></li></ul>

Episode 97: Getting Into Grad School

Two psychologists endeavor to drink four beers while discussing news and controversies in science, academia, and beyond.

Worth a listen (and that&#39;s some quality-sounding audio for a podcast). Love these guys :)

Great for when you run out of Very Bad Wizards episodes

Awesome pod that will appeal to academics and non-academics.

5 stars—fun podcast!

Two Psychologists Four Beers

Playing devil's advocate, Yoel and Mickey mount a criticism against the scientific study of mindfulness. What is mindfulness? Can we measure it? Is mindfulness-based therapy effective? Can mindfulness improve the quality of attention beyond the meditation cushion? Are effects of mindfulness mostly placebo effects produced by motivated practitioners and adherents? Should we be impressed by mindfulness meditation’s supposed effects on conceptions of the self? Is mindfulness, in all its complexity, amenable to scientific study? Bonus: Is the value of diversity and inclusivity a core part of open science?Links:Burdock Bottle ShopCollective Arts Brewing (Art + Brewing) — Lunch Money is a straight-up, easy drinking, ale brewed exclusively with German Magnum and Centennial hops to fuel your creativity. Will this time be different?  — Prepared remarks delivered by Sanjay Srivastava to the Society for the Improvement of Psychological Science (SIPS) on July 9, 2019 in Rotterdam.Can We End the Meditation Madness? — I AM being stalked by meditation evangelists. ... Before we're all swept into this fad, we ought to ask why meditation is useful.The benefits of being present: mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being. - PubMed - NCBI — Mindfulness is an attribute of consciousness long believed to promote well-being. This research provides a theoretical and empirical examination of the role of mindfulness in psychological well-being. The development and psychometric properties of the dispositional Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) are described. Mind the Hype: A Critical Evaluation and Prescriptive Agenda for Research on Mindfulness and Meditation. - PubMed - NCBI — During the past two decades, mindfulness meditation has gone from being a fringe topic of scientific investigation to being an occasional replacement for psychotherapy, tool of corporate well-being, widely implemented educational practice, and "key to building more resilient soldiers." Yet the mindfulness movement and empirical evidence supporting it have not gone without criticism. Misinformation and poor methodology associated with past studies of mindfulness may lead public consumers to be harmed, misled, and disappointed. Argentine tango dance compared to mindfulness meditation and a waiting-list control: a randomised trial for treating depression. - PubMed - NCBI — OBJECTIVES: To determine whether tango dancing is as effective as mindfulness meditation in reducing symptoms of psychological stress, anxiety and depression, and in promoting well-being.Spirituality, mindfulness and substance abuse. - PsycNET — ...A positive relationship between mindfulness and smoking/frequent binge drinking behavior was uncoveredMeditation Programs for Psychological Stress and Well-being: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis | Complementary and Alternative Medicine | JAMA Internal Medicine | JAMA Network — Mindfulness meditation programs had moderate evidence of improved anxiety, depression, and pain and low evidence of improved stress/distress and mental health–related quality of life. We found low evidence of no effect or insufficient evidence of any effect of meditation programs on positive mood, attention, substance use, eating habits, sleep, and weight. We found no evidence that meditation programs were better than any active treatment (ie, drugs, exercise, and other behavioral therapies).Mindfulness training affects attention--or is it attentional effort? - PubMed - NCBI — Our data demonstrate that previously observed improvements of attention after MBSR may be seriously confounded by test effort and nonmindfulness stress reductionMeditation, mindfulness and executive control: the importance of emotional acceptance and brain-based performance monitoring. - PubMed - NCBICognitive effects of MBSR/MBCT: A systematic review of neuropsychological outcomes. - PubMed - NCBI — Overall studies did not support attention or executive function improvements. We found preliminary evidence for improvements in working memory and autobiographical memory as well as cognitive flexibility and meta-awareness. Mindfulness training as cognitive training in high-demand cohorts: An initial study in elite military servicemembers. - PubMed - NCBIA randomised active-controlled trial to examine the effects of an online mindfulness intervention on executive control, critical thinking and key thinking dispositions in a university student sample | BMC Psychology | Full Text — No evidence was found to suggest that engaging in guided mindfulness practice for 6 weeks using the online intervention method applied in this study improves critical thinking performance. 

Playing devil's advocate, Yoel and Mickey mount a criticism against the scientific study of mindfulness. What is mindfulness? Can we measure it? Is mindfulness-based therapy effective? Can mindfulness improve the quality of attention beyond the meditation cushion? Are effects of mindfulness mostly placebo effects produced by motivated practitioners and adherents? Should we be impressed by mindfulness meditation’s supposed effects on conceptions of the self? Is mindfulness, in all its complexity, amenable to scientific study? Bonus: Is the value of diversity and inclusivity a core part of open science?Links:<ul><li><a href="https://burdockto.com/brewery/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Burdock Bottle Shop</a></li><li><a href="https://collectiveartsbrewing.com/beer/lunch-money/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Collective Arts Brewing (Art + Brewing)</a> — Lunch Money is a straight-up, easy drinking, ale brewed exclusively with German Magnum and Centennial hops to fuel your creativity. </li><li><a href="https://psyarxiv.com/9e275" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Will this time be different? </a> — Prepared remarks delivered by Sanjay Srivastava to the Society for the Improvement of Psychological Science (SIPS) on July 9, 2019 in Rotterdam.</li><li><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2015/10/10/opinion/can-we-end-the-meditation-madness.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Can We End the Meditation Madness?</a> — I AM being stalked by meditation evangelists. ... Before we're all swept into this fad, we ought to ask why meditation is useful.</li><li><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12703651" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">The benefits of being present: mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being. - PubMed - NCBI</a> — Mindfulness is an attribute of consciousness long believed to promote well-being. This research provides a theoretical and empirical examination of the role of mindfulness in psychological well-being. The development and psychometric properties of the dispositional Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) are described. </li><li><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29016274" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Mind the Hype: A Critical Evaluation and Prescriptive Agenda for Research on Mindfulness and Meditation. - PubMed - NCBI</a> — During the past two decades, mindfulness meditation has gone from being a fringe topic of scientific investigation to being an occasional replacement for psychotherapy, tool of corporate well-being, widely implemented educational practice, and "key to building more resilient soldiers." Yet the mindfulness movement and empirical evidence supporting it have not gone without criticism. Misinformation and poor methodology associated with past studies of mindfulness may lead public consumers to be harmed, misled, and disappointed. </li><li><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23131367" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Argentine tango dance compared to mindfulness meditation and a waiting-list control: a randomised trial for treating depression. - PubMed - NCBI</a> — OBJECTIVES: To determine whether tango dancing is as effective as mindfulness meditation in reducing symptoms of psychological stress, anxiety and depression, and in promoting well-being.</li><li><a href="https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2005-08867-006" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Spirituality, mindfulness and substance abuse. - PsycNET</a> — ...A positive relationship between mindfulness and smoking/frequent binge drinking behavior was uncovered</li><li><a href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/1809754" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Meditation Programs for Psychological Stress and Well-being: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis | Complementary and Alternative Medicine | JAMA Internal Medicine | JAMA Network</a> — Mindfulness meditation programs had moderate evidence of improved anxiety, depression, and pain and low evidence of improved stress/distress and mental health–related quality of life. We found low evidence of no effect or insufficient evidence of any effect of meditation programs on positive mood, attention, substance use, eating habits, sleep, and weight. We found no evidence that meditation programs were better than any active treatment (ie, drugs, exercise, and other behavioral therapies).</li><li><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21910559" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Mindfulness training affects attention--or is it attentional effort? - PubMed - NCBI</a> — Our data demonstrate that previously observed improvements of attention after MBSR may be seriously confounded by test effort and nonmindfulness stress reduction</li><li><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22507824" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Meditation, mindfulness and executive control: the importance of emotional acceptance and brain-based performance monitoring. - PubMed - NCBI</a></li><li><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27580462" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Cognitive effects of MBSR/MBCT: A systematic review of neuropsychological outcomes. - PubMed - NCBI</a> — Overall studies did not support attention or executive function improvements. We found preliminary evidence for improvements in working memory and autobiographical memory as well as cognitive flexibility and meta-awareness. </li><li><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30732844" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Mindfulness training as cognitive training in high-demand cohorts: An initial study in elite military servicemembers. - PubMed - NCBI</a></li><li><a href="https://bmcpsychology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40359-018-0226-3" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">A randomised active-controlled trial to examine the effects of an online mindfulness intervention on executive control, critical thinking and key thinking dispositions in a university student sample | BMC Psychology | Full Text</a> — No evidence was found to suggest that engaging in guided mindfulness practice for 6 weeks using the online intervention method applied in this study improves critical thinking performance. </li></ul>

Episode 27: Against Mindfulness

Mickey and Yoel take advantage of the SESP (Society for Experimental Social Psychology) conference to ask guests some hard-hitting questions about the present and future of social psychology (and, of course, beers). We then answer the same questions ourselves. Bonus: why are we banning applause on the show?Special Guests: Hanah Chapman, Keith Maddox, Laura Niemi, and Pam Smith.Links:Beau's Brewing Co. - Lug TreadOxford students vote to replace clapping with silent jazz hands | News | The TimesSESPLaura Niemi | Munk School of Global Affairs and Public PolicyHanah ChapmanPamela Smith | Faculty | Rady School of Management | UC San DiegoYidan YinTufts University, Department of Psychology: PeopleSemantics derived automatically from language corpora contain human-like biases | ScienceExploring the landscape of modern academic psychology: Finding and filling the holes. (Paul Rozin) — Like any other domain of human activity, psychology has its fads and fashions. One consequence of fads is an overconcentration of resources on specific problems or approaches, which leaves other important problems or approaches (holes) underappreciated and understudied. This article is primarily about different factors (such as negativity bias, polarization of positions, focus on internal causes of behavior, dedication to a narrow view of what science is) that result in holes and about explorations of some of these holes that have interested the author. Psychologists should look more in the holes left behind by current enthusiasms. The Book of Why: The New Science of Cause and Effect: Judea Pearl, Dana Mackenzie: 9780465097609: Amazon.com: BooksWatch Undone - Season 1 | Prime Video

Mickey and Yoel take advantage of the SESP (Society for Experimental Social Psychology) conference to ask guests some hard-hitting questions about the present and future of social psychology (and, of course, beers). We then answer the same questions ourselves. Bonus: why are we banning applause on the show?Special Guests: Hanah Chapman, Keith Maddox, Laura Niemi, and Pam Smith.Links:<ul><li><a href="https://beaus.ca/beer/lug-tread/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Beau's Brewing Co. - Lug Tread</a></li><li><a href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/oxford-students-vote-to-replace-clapping-with-silent-jazz-hands-w25dsspd0" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Oxford students vote to replace clapping with silent jazz hands | News | The Times</a></li><li><a href="https://www.sesp.org/annualconference" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">SESP</a></li><li><a href="https://munkschool.utoronto.ca/profile/niemi-laura/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Laura Niemi | Munk School of Global Affairs and Public Policy</a></li><li><a href="https://www.gc.cuny.edu/Page-Elements/Academics-Research-Centers-Initiatives/Doctoral-Programs/Psychology/Faculty-Bios/Hanah-Chapman" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Hanah Chapman</a></li><li><a href="https://rady.ucsd.edu/people/faculty/smith/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Pamela Smith | Faculty | Rady School of Management | UC San Diego</a></li><li><a href="https://sites.google.com/view/yidan-yin" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Yidan Yin</a></li><li><a href="https://ase.tufts.edu/psychology/people/maddox/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Tufts University, Department of Psychology: People</a></li><li><a href="https://science.sciencemag.org/content/356/6334/183.full" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Semantics derived automatically from language corpora contain human-like biases | Science</a></li><li><a href="https://psycnet.apa.org/buy/2007-16827-009" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Exploring the landscape of modern academic psychology: Finding and filling the holes. (Paul Rozin)</a> — Like any other domain of human activity, psychology has its fads and fashions. One consequence of fads is an overconcentration of resources on specific problems or approaches, which leaves other important problems or approaches (holes) underappreciated and understudied. This article is primarily about different factors (such as negativity bias, polarization of positions, focus on internal causes of behavior, dedication to a narrow view of what science is) that result in holes and about explorations of some of these holes that have interested the author. Psychologists should look more in the holes left behind by current enthusiasms. </li><li><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Book-Why-Science-Cause-Effect/dp/046509760X/ref=as_sl_pc_qf_sp_asin_til?tag=fourbeers-20&amp;linkCode=w00&amp;linkId=b76d4875499e8407f2580768094b260f&amp;creativeASIN=046509760X" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">The Book of Why: The New Science of Cause and Effect: Judea Pearl, Dana Mackenzie: 9780465097609: Amazon.com: Books</a></li><li><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Season-1-Official-Trailer/dp/B07SVGNT71/ref=as_sl_pc_qf_sp_asin_til?tag=fourbeers-20&amp;linkCode=w00&amp;linkId=3ab7967f4572649ec09a93caf426db19&amp;creativeASIN=B07SVGNT71" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Watch Undone - Season 1 | Prime Video</a></li></ul>

Episode 34: The Future of Social Psychology

Are many classic social psychology experiments more theater than science? Mickey and Yoel discuss "The Rise and Fall of Social Psychology," a book by the sociologist Augustine Brannigan that makes this provocative claim. Given the complexity of social life, are laboratory experiments just the wrong way to measure most social phenomena? Bonus: who is Don Cherry, and what is his beef with Yoel?Links:Home - Beau's‘I don’t regret a thing.’ Don Cherry not backing down after being fired by Sportsnet | The StarRon MacLean says Coach's Corner 'is no more' after Don Cherry firing | CTV NewsThe Rise and Fall of Social Psychology: Augustine Brannigan: 0000202307433: Amazon.com: BooksRÜFÜS DU SOL ●● You Were Right

Are many classic social psychology experiments more theater than science? Mickey and Yoel discuss "The Rise and Fall of Social Psychology," a book by the sociologist Augustine Brannigan that makes this provocative claim. Given the complexity of social life, are laboratory experiments just the wrong way to measure most social phenomena? Bonus: who is Don Cherry, and what is his beef with Yoel?Links:<ul><li><a href="https://beaus.ca/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Home - Beau's</a></li><li><a href="https://www.thestar.com/news/canada/2019/11/11/don-cherry-fired-from-sportsnet-following-toxic-rant.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">‘I don’t regret a thing.’ Don Cherry not backing down after being fired by Sportsnet | The Star</a></li><li><a href="https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/ron-maclean-says-coach-s-corner-is-no-more-after-don-cherry-firing-1.4689331" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Ron MacLean says Coach's Corner 'is no more' after Don Cherry firing | CTV News</a></li><li><a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0202307433/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=9325&amp;creativeASIN=0202307433&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=fourbeers-20&amp;linkId=713c04ce823c6520a52678cbdefac075" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">The Rise and Fall of Social Psychology: Augustine Brannigan: 0000202307433: Amazon.com: Books</a></li><li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gp-lWgUDcKk" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">RÜFÜS DU SOL ●● You Were Right</a></li></ul>

Episode 35: Against Experiments

Jessica Flake

Jessica Flake joins Mickey and Yoel to talk measurement. What is it, how do you do it well, and do social psychologists care about it? What does measurement theory tell us about the validity of standardized tests like the GRE? Jessica also talks about how she went from high-school dropout to professor at McGill.  Bonus: what the hell is Kentucky Gentleman?Special Guest: Jessica Flake.Links:Brasserie Harricana, Montréal, Quebec, Canada | RateBeerJK Flake 📈📏 on Twitter: "What? The GRE is not a face valid measure of quantitative + verbal reasoning? These discussions are off the rails."Construct Validation in Social and Personality Research: Current Practice and Recommendations - Jessica K. Flake, Jolynn Pek, Eric Hehman, 2017PsyArXiv Preprints | Measurement Schmeasurement: Questionable Measurement Practices and How to Avoid ThemPsychological Science Accelerator – a distributed laboratory networkKentucky Gentleman - WikipediaWarpaint - 'Billie Holiday (Rough Trade Sessions)' - YouTube

Jessica Flake joins Mickey and Yoel to talk measurement. What is it, how do you do it well, and do social psychologists care about it? What does measurement theory tell us about the validity of standardized tests like the GRE? Jessica also talks about how she went from high-school dropout to professor at McGill. Bonus: what the hell is Kentucky Gentleman?Special Guest: Jessica Flake.Links:<ul><li><a href="https://www.ratebeer.com/brewers/brasserie-harricana/22336/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Brasserie Harricana, Montréal, Quebec, Canada | RateBeer</a></li><li><a href="https://twitter.com/JkayFlake/status/1174865824676491265" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">JK Flake 📈📏 on Twitter: "What? The GRE is not a face valid measure of quantitative + verbal reasoning? These discussions are off the rails."</a></li><li><a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1948550617693063" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Construct Validation in Social and Personality Research: Current Practice and Recommendations - Jessica K. Flake, Jolynn Pek, Eric Hehman, 2017</a></li><li><a href="https://psyarxiv.com/hs7wm/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">PsyArXiv Preprints | Measurement Schmeasurement: Questionable Measurement Practices and How to Avoid Them</a></li><li><a href="https://psysciacc.org/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Psychological Science Accelerator – a distributed laboratory network</a></li><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky_Gentleman" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Kentucky Gentleman - Wikipedia</a></li><li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EWcTp1r_Nls" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Warpaint - 'Billie Holiday (Rough Trade Sessions)' - YouTube</a></li></ul>

Episode 32: Measurement Schmeasurement (with Jessica Flake)

Yoel and Mickey discuss the concept of privilege, the unearned, sometimes invisible conditions of a person’s life that give them advantages that others might not have. What are the benefits of acknowledging one’s privilege and calling it out in others? Are there drawbacks to focusing on the immutable characteristics of a person that might normally proffer advantages? If all our characteristics are unearned, that is products of biology and environment that we have zero control over, should people be praised or blamed for them? But, first, they discuss new internal analyses by Google suggesting it has been overpaying women, not men; they then raise serious concerns about this analysis because it conditioned on a collider, a statistical concept that Yoel and Mickey (to put it generously) struggle to understand. Bonus: Mickey falls in love with bidets.Links:Bidet Attachments by TUSHY | For People Who Poop — Ask me about my buttholeNew York Times | Google Finds It's Underpaying Many Men as It Addresses Wage Equity — A survey of employee salaries at Google reaches a surprising conclusion: More men than women were being underpaidJulia Rohrer's Brilliant Blogpost: That one weird third variable problem nobody ever mentions: Conditioning on a collider – The 100% CI — Causal inference from observational data boils down to assumptions you have to make and third variables you have to take into account. I’m going to talk about a third variable problem today, conditioning on a collider.Thinking Clearly About Correlations and Causation: Graphical Causal Models for Observational Data - Julia M. Rohrer, 2018 — Certain types of third variables—colliders and mediators—should not be controlled for because that can actually move the estimate of an association away from the value of the causal effect of interest.BuzzFeed | How Privileged Are you?What Is Privilege? - YouTubePrivileged | By Kyle Korver — What I’m realizing is, no matter how passionately I commit to being an ally, and no matter how unwavering my support is for NBA and WNBA players of color….. I’m still in this conversation from the privileged perspective of opting in to it. 'The Class Ceiling' Decodes the Cultures of Elite Workplaces - The Atlantic — When two sociologists interviewed highly paid architects, TV producers, actors, and accountants, they encountered work cultures that favor the already affluent.

Yoel and Mickey discuss the concept of privilege, the unearned, sometimes invisible conditions of a person’s life that give them advantages that others might not have. What are the benefits of acknowledging one’s privilege and calling it out in others? Are there drawbacks to focusing on the immutable characteristics of a person that might normally proffer advantages? If all our characteristics are unearned, that is products of biology and environment that we have zero control over, should people be praised or blamed for them? But, first, they discuss new internal analyses by Google suggesting it has been overpaying women, not men; they then raise serious concerns about this analysis because it conditioned on a collider, a statistical concept that Yoel and Mickey (to put it generously) struggle to understand. Bonus: Mickey falls in love with bidets.Links:<ul><li><a href="https://hellotushy.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Bidet Attachments by TUSHY | For People Who Poop</a> — Ask me about my butthole</li><li><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/04/technology/google-gender-pay-gap.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">New York Times | Google Finds It's Underpaying Many Men as It Addresses Wage Equity</a> — A survey of employee salaries at Google reaches a surprising conclusion: More men than women were being underpaid</li><li><a href="http://www.the100.ci/2017/03/14/that-one-weird-third-variable-problem-nobody-ever-mentions-conditioning-on-a-collider/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Julia Rohrer's Brilliant Blogpost: That one weird third variable problem nobody ever mentions: Conditioning on a collider – The 100% CI</a> — Causal inference from observational data boils down to assumptions you have to make and third variables you have to take into account. I’m going to talk about a third variable problem today, conditioning on a collider.</li><li><a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/2515245917745629" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Thinking Clearly About Correlations and Causation: Graphical Causal Models for Observational Data - Julia M. Rohrer, 2018</a> — Certain types of third variables—colliders and mediators—should not be controlled for because that can actually move the estimate of an association away from the value of the causal effect of interest.</li><li><a href="https://www.buzzfeed.com/regajha/how-privileged-are-you" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">BuzzFeed | How Privileged Are you?</a></li><li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hD5f8GuNuGQ" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">What Is Privilege? - YouTube</a></li><li><a href="https://www.theplayerstribune.com/en-us/articles/kyle-korver-utah-jazz-nba" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Privileged | By Kyle Korver</a> — What I’m realizing is, no matter how passionately I commit to being an ally, and no matter how unwavering my support is for NBA and WNBA players of color….. I’m still in this conversation from the privileged perspective of opting in to it. </li><li><a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2019/02/class-ceiling-laurison-friedman-elite-jobs/582175/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">'The Class Ceiling' Decodes the Cultures of Elite Workplaces - The Atlantic</a> — When two sociologists interviewed highly paid architects, TV producers, actors, and accountants, they encountered work cultures that favor the already affluent.</li></ul>

Episode 21: Perils of Privilege

Edward Slingerland

Yoel and Mickey welcome Distinguished Professor of Asian Studies, Edward (Ted) Slingerland from the University of British Columbia to the podcast. Ted discusses what the sciences can offer the humanities, but also how the humanities can enrich science. Ted then discusses his popular book, "Trying Not To Try", where he describes the Chinese concept of Wu-Wei, which can be defined as effortless action or spontaneity and proposes that the ever-striving West could use a lot more of it. Finally, Ted tries in vain to convince Mickey that intoxication is an important, critical part of culture. Bonus: Did Ted actually say there are downsides to being Dude-like?Special Guest: Edward (Ted) Slingerland.Links:Cantillon BreweryBrasserie TimmermansMort SubiteWhat Science Offers the Humanities | Edward Slingerland — This book examines some of the deep problems facing current approaches to the study of culture, focusing especially on the excesses of postmodernism, but also acknowledging the problems with Enlightenment objectivism. Slingerland argues that, for the humanities to progress, they need to move beyond the mind-body dualism upon which both postmodernism and objectivism are based.Trying Not to Try: The Art and Science of Spontaneity (9780770437619): Edward Slingerland: Books — A deeply original exploration of the power of spontaneity—an ancient Chinese ideal that cognitive scientists are only now beginning to understand—and why it is so essential to our well-beingTwo Psychologists Four Beers - Blog - A Note From Ted Slingerland

Yoel and Mickey welcome Distinguished Professor of Asian Studies, Edward (Ted) Slingerland from the University of British Columbia to the podcast. Ted discusses what the sciences can offer the humanities, but also how the humanities can enrich science. Ted then discusses his popular book, "Trying Not To Try", where he describes the Chinese concept of Wu-Wei, which can be defined as effortless action or spontaneity and proposes that the ever-striving West could use a lot more of it. Finally, Ted tries in vain to convince Mickey that intoxication is an important, critical part of culture. Bonus: Did Ted actually say there are downsides to being Dude-like?Special Guest: Edward (Ted) Slingerland.Links:<ul><li><a href="https://www.cantillon.be/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Cantillon Brewery</a></li><li><a href="http://brtimmermans.be/en/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Brasserie Timmermans</a></li><li><a href="http://www.mort-subite.be/en/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Mort Subite</a></li><li><a href="https://eslingerland.arts.ubc.ca/whatscience/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">What Science Offers the Humanities | Edward Slingerland</a> — This book examines some of the deep problems facing current approaches to the study of culture, focusing especially on the excesses of postmodernism, but also acknowledging the problems with Enlightenment objectivism. Slingerland argues that, for the humanities to progress, they need to move beyond the mind-body dualism upon which both postmodernism and objectivism are based.</li><li><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Trying-Not-Try-Ancient-Spontaneity/dp/0770437613/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Trying Not to Try: The Art and Science of Spontaneity (9780770437619): Edward Slingerland: Books</a> — A deeply original exploration of the power of spontaneity—an ancient Chinese ideal that cognitive scientists are only now beginning to understand—and why it is so essential to our well-being</li><li><a href="https://fourbeers.fireside.fm/articles/note-from-ted" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Two Psychologists Four Beers - Blog - A Note From Ted Slingerland</a></li></ul>

Episode 18: What Science and the Humanities Offer Each Other (with Edward Slingerland)

By listener request, Yoel quizzes Mickey about ego depletion. How did we start studying it? How has the replication crisis changed how we think about it? After more than a decade studying ego depletion, does Mickey still have any faith in the phenomenon? Bonus: what does it mean to say, "don't @ me"?Links:De Hemel BreweryDon't @ meThe Strength Model of Self-Control — Self-control is a central function of the self and an important key to success in life. The exertion of self-control appears to depend on a limited resource.Is Ego Depletion Real? An Analysis of Arguments — An influential line of research suggests that initial bouts of self-control increase the susceptibility to self-control failure (ego depletion effect). Despite seemingly abundant evidence, some researchers have suggested that evidence for ego depletion was the sole result of publication bias and p-hacking, with the true effect being indistinguishable from zero.Self-Control, Ego Depletion, and Social Psychology’s Replication Crisis — Provides Baumeister's perspective on ego depletion and its status in the context of psychology's replication crisis. Reviews history, controversy, evidence.A series of meta-analytic tests of the depletion effect: Self-control does not seem to rely on a limited resource. - PsycNET — We find very little evidence that the depletion effect is a real phenomenon, at least when assessed with the methods most frequently used in the laboratory. Our results strongly challenge the idea that self-control functions as if it relies on a limited psychological or physical resource. Bias-Correction Techniques Alone Cannot Determine Whether Ego Depletion is Different from Zero: Commentary on Carter, Kofler, Forster, &amp; McCullough, 2015 by Michael Inzlicht, Will Gervais, Elliot Berkman :: SSRN — Despite our admiration for this program of meta-research, we suggest that bias-corrected meta-analyses cannot yet resolve whether the overall ego depletion is different from zero or not.RRR – The Ego-Depletion Paradigm — A Multi-Lab Pre-Registered Replication of the Ego-Depletion ParadigmMeta-analysis of the studies revealed that the size of the ego-depletion effect was small with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) that encompassed zero (d = 0.04, 95% CI [−0.07, 0.15]. 

By listener request, Yoel quizzes Mickey about ego depletion. How did we start studying it? How has the replication crisis changed how we think about it? After more than a decade studying ego depletion, does Mickey still have any faith in the phenomenon? Bonus: what does it mean to say, "don't @ me"?Links:<ul><li><a href="http://www.brouwerijdehemel.nl/index.php" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">De Hemel Brewery</a></li><li><a href="https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=dont%20%40%20me" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Don't @ me</a></li><li><a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-8721.2007.00534.x" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">The Strength Model of Self-Control</a> — Self-control is a central function of the self and an important key to success in life. The exertion of self-control appears to depend on a limited resource.</li><li><a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1088868318762183" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Is Ego Depletion Real? An Analysis of Arguments</a> — An influential line of research suggests that initial bouts of self-control increase the susceptibility to self-control failure (ego depletion effect). Despite seemingly abundant evidence, some researchers have suggested that evidence for ego depletion was the sole result of publication bias and p-hacking, with the true effect being indistinguishable from zero.</li><li><a href="https://psyarxiv.com/uf3cn/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Self-Control, Ego Depletion, and Social Psychology’s Replication Crisis</a> — Provides Baumeister's perspective on ego depletion and its status in the context of psychology's replication crisis. Reviews history, controversy, evidence.</li><li><a href="https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2015-26263-001" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">A series of meta-analytic tests of the depletion effect: Self-control does not seem to rely on a limited resource. - PsycNET</a> — We find very little evidence that the depletion effect is a real phenomenon, at least when assessed with the methods most frequently used in the laboratory. Our results strongly challenge the idea that self-control functions as if it relies on a limited psychological or physical resource. </li><li><a href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2659409" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Bias-Correction Techniques Alone Cannot Determine Whether Ego Depletion is Different from Zero: Commentary on Carter, Kofler, Forster, &amp; McCullough, 2015 by Michael Inzlicht, Will Gervais, Elliot Berkman :: SSRN</a> — Despite our admiration for this program of meta-research, we suggest that bias-corrected meta-analyses cannot yet resolve whether the overall ego depletion is different from zero or not.</li><li><a href="https://www.psychologicalscience.org/publications/rrr-the-ego-depletion-paradigm" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">RRR – The Ego-Depletion Paradigm</a> — A Multi-Lab Pre-Registered Replication of the Ego-Depletion Paradigm Meta-analysis of the studies revealed that the size of the ego-depletion effect was small with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) that encompassed zero (d = 0.04, 95% CI [−0.07, 0.15]. </li></ul>

Episode 31: Is Ego Depletion Real?

John Jost

Yoel and Mickey welcome Professor of Psychology and Politics John Jost from New York University to the podcast. Author of the most influential political psychology paper of the last two decades, John talks about the role of psychology in politics and the role of politics in psychology. Is it fair to characterize conservatives as dogmatic, rigid, and close-minded? Given replication failures, are conservatives indeed more attuned to negative stimuli in their environments? Does the description of conservatives as resistant to change applicable in the Trump era? Should social scientists be advocates/activists, neutral fact-finders, or something in between? Why is the dominance of liberals in social psychology (and academia more broadly) not a problem?  Bonus: What is with all the homo-eroticism?Special Guest: John Jost.Links:Juicy Ass - Flying MonkeysFarmageddon (Raspberry &amp; Black Raspberry - 2019) – Bellwoods BreweryModelo Especial | Casa Modelo Mexican BeerPolitical Conservatism as Motivated Social Cognition — Analyzing political conservatism as motivated social cognition integrates theories of personality (authoritarianism, dogmatism—intolerance of ambiguity), epistemic and existential needs (for closure,regulatory focus, terror management), and ideological rationalization (social dominance, system justification).The Politics of Fear: Is There an Ideological Asymmetry in Existential Motivation? | Social Cognition — Although the association between fear of death and conservatism was not reliable, there was a significant effect of mortality salience (r = .08–.13) and a significant association between subjective perceptions of threat and conservatism (r = .12–.31).Ideological Asymmetries and the Essence of Political Psychology - Jost - 2017 - Political Psychology - Wiley Online Library — Individuals are not merely passive vessels of whatever beliefs and opinions they have been exposed to; rather, they are attracted to belief systems that resonate with their own psychological needs and interests, including epistemic, existential, and relational needs to attain certainty, security, and social belongingness.Ideological asymmetries in conformity, desire for shared reality, and the spread of misinformation. - PubMed - NCBI — Ideological belief systems arise from epistemic, existential, and relational motives to reduce uncertainty, threat, and social discord.Neoliberal Ideology and the Justification of Inequality in Capitalist Societies: Why Social and Economic Dimensions of Ideology Are IntertwinedAn Asymmetrical “President-in-Power” Effect | American Political Science Review | Cambridge Core — When political polarization is high, it may be assumed that citizens will trust the government more when the chief executive shares their own political views.A quarter century of system justification theory: Questions, answers, criticisms, and societal applications - Jost - 2019 - British Journal of Social Psychology - Wiley Online Library — A theory of system justification was proposed 25 years ago by Jost and Banaji (1994, Br. J. Soc. Psychol., 33, 1) in the British Journal of Social Psychology to explain ‘the participation by disadvantaged individuals and groups in negative stereotypes of themselves' and the phenomenon of outgroup favouritism.Do Needs for Security and Certainty Predict Cultural and Economic Conservatism? A Cross-National Analysis — We examine whether individual differences in needs for security and certainty predict conservative (vs.liberal) position on both cultural and economic political issues and whether these effects are conditional onnation-level characteristics and individual-level political engagement.Political Diversity in Social and Personality Psychology — A lack of political diversity in psychology is said to lead to a number of pernicious outcomes, including biased researchand active discrimination against conservatives. The Ideology of Social Psychologists (and Why it Matters) | SPSPWe tried to publish a replication of a Science paper in Science. The journal refused. — Our research suggests that the theory that conservatives and liberals respond differently to threats isn’t actually true.

Yoel and Mickey welcome Professor of Psychology and Politics John Jost from New York University to the podcast. Author of the most influential political psychology paper of the last two decades, John talks about the role of psychology in politics and the role of politics in psychology. Is it fair to characterize conservatives as dogmatic, rigid, and close-minded? Given replication failures, are conservatives indeed more attuned to negative stimuli in their environments? Does the description of conservatives as resistant to change applicable in the Trump era? Should social scientists be advocates/activists, neutral fact-finders, or something in between? Why is the dominance of liberals in social psychology (and academia more broadly) not a problem? Bonus: What is with all the homo-eroticism?Special Guest: John Jost.Links:<ul><li><a href="http://www.flyingmonkeys.ca/juicy-ass/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Juicy Ass - Flying Monkeys</a></li><li><a href="https://bellwoodsbrewery.myshopify.com/collections/ossington-bottleshop/products/farmageddon-raspberry-black-raspberry-2019" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Farmageddon (Raspberry &amp; Black Raspberry - 2019) – Bellwoods Brewery</a></li><li><a href="https://www.modelousa.com/en-US/product/especial" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Modelo Especial | Casa Modelo Mexican Beer</a></li><li><a href="http://www.sulloway.org/PoliticalConservatism(2003).pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Political Conservatism as Motivated Social Cognition</a> — Analyzing political conservatism as motivated social cognition integrates theories of personality (authoritarianism, dogmatism—intolerance of ambiguity), epistemic and existential needs (for closure, regulatory focus, terror management), and ideological rationalization (social dominance, system justification).</li><li><a href="https://guilfordjournals.com/doi/abs/10.1521/soco.2017.35.4.324" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">The Politics of Fear: Is There an Ideological Asymmetry in Existential Motivation? | Social Cognition</a> — Although the association between fear of death and conservatism was not reliable, there was a significant effect of mortality salience (r = .08–.13) and a significant association between subjective perceptions of threat and conservatism (r = .12–.31).</li><li><a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/pops.12407" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Ideological Asymmetries and the Essence of Political Psychology - Jost - 2017 - Political Psychology - Wiley Online Library</a> — Individuals are not merely passive vessels of whatever beliefs and opinions they have been exposed to; rather, they are attracted to belief systems that resonate with their own psychological needs and interests, including epistemic, existential, and relational needs to attain certainty, security, and social belongingness.</li><li><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29427900" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Ideological asymmetries in conformity, desire for shared reality, and the spread of misinformation. - PubMed - NCBI</a> — Ideological belief systems arise from epistemic, existential, and relational motives to reduce uncertainty, threat, and social discord.</li><li><a href="https://spssi.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/josi.12310" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Neoliberal Ideology and the Justification of Inequality in Capitalist Societies: Why Social and Economic Dimensions of Ideology Are Intertwined</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/american-political-science-review/article/an-asymmetrical-presidentinpower-effect/569413D40D79A79C3F7CA6F2183743B9" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">An Asymmetrical “President-in-Power” Effect | American Political Science Review | Cambridge Core</a> — When political polarization is high, it may be assumed that citizens will trust the government more when the chief executive shares their own political views.</li><li><a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bjso.12297" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">A quarter century of system justification theory: Questions, answers, criticisms, and societal applications - Jost - 2019 - British Journal of Social Psychology - Wiley Online Library</a> — A theory of system justification was proposed 25 years ago by Jost and Banaji (1994, Br. J. Soc. Psychol., 33, 1) in the British Journal of Social Psychology to explain ‘the participation by disadvantaged individuals and groups in negative stereotypes of themselves' and the phenomenon of outgroup favouritism.</li><li><a href="https://malkaresearch.files.wordpress.com/2014/09/malka-file-folder-1-research-document-3-malka-et-al-2014-jpsp.pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Do Needs for Security and Certainty Predict Cultural and Economic Conservatism? A Cross-National Analysis</a> — We examine whether individual differences in needs for security and certainty predict conservative (vs. liberal) position on both cultural and economic political issues and whether these effects are conditional on nation-level characteristics and individual-level political engagement.</li><li><a href="http://yoelinbar.net/papers/political_diversity.pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Political Diversity in Social and Personality Psychology</a> — A lack of political diversity in psychology is said to lead to a number of pernicious outcomes, including biased research and active discrimination against conservatives. </li><li><a href="http://spsp.org/news-center/member-newsletters/11-30-18/ideology-of-social-psychologists-and-why-it-matters" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">The Ideology of Social Psychologists (and Why it Matters) | SPSP</a></li><li><a href="https://slate.com/technology/2019/06/science-replication-conservatives-liberals-reacting-to-threats.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">We tried to publish a replication of a Science paper in Science. The journal refused.</a> — Our research suggests that the theory that conservatives and liberals respond differently to threats isn’t actually true.</li></ul>

Episode 25: Truth and Political Bias in Psychology (with John Jost)

Yoel and Mickey discuss Identity Crisis, a new book about the 2016 US presidential election written by the political scientists John Sides, Michael Tesler, and Lynn Vavreck. But first, they talk about the recent controversy over Patreon's ban of a provocative internet personality and what, if any, implications this has for free speech.  Bonus: who is Mickey's favorite Sex and the City character?Links:Michael Inzlicht on Twitter: Toilet paper roll — "My departmental rival, @gmacdonalduoft, had this made for our area secret Santa party last night. Now I'm struggling to decide whether I should make it my twitter profile pic.… https://t.co/HYrtwJ4hQu"Delirium TremensCrowdfunding platform Patreon defends itself amid boycott - Business InsiderStars of ‘Intellectual Dark Web’ Scramble to Save Their Cash CowsHow Kim Cattrall got a date with Pierre TrudeauIdentity Crisis: The 2016 Presidential Campaign and the Battle for the Meaning of America: John Sides, Michael Tesler, Lynn Vavreck: 9780691174198: Amazon.com: Books

Yoel and Mickey discuss Identity Crisis, a new book about the 2016 US presidential election written by the political scientists John Sides, Michael Tesler, and Lynn Vavreck. But first, they talk about the recent controversy over Patreon's ban of a provocative internet personality and what, if any, implications this has for free speech. Bonus: who is Mickey's favorite Sex and the City character?Links:<ul><li><a href="https://twitter.com/minzlicht/status/1072466533987819521" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Michael Inzlicht on Twitter: Toilet paper roll</a> — "My departmental rival, @gmacdonalduoft, had this made for our area secret Santa party last night. Now I'm struggling to decide whether I should make it my twitter profile pic.… <a href="https://t.co/HYrtwJ4hQu" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">https://t.co/HYrtwJ4hQu</a>"</li><li><a href="https://www.delirium.be/en/beers?beer=14-Delirium" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Delirium Tremens</a></li><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/patreon-crowdfunding-platform-defends-itself-amid-boycott-2018-12" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Crowdfunding platform Patreon defends itself amid boycott - Business Insider</a></li><li><a href="https://www.thedailybeast.com/stars-of-intellectual-dark-web-scramble-to-save-their-cash-cows" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Stars of ‘Intellectual Dark Web’ Scramble to Save Their Cash Cows</a></li><li><a href="https://www.macleans.ca/news/canada/how-kim-cattrall-got-a-date-with-pierre-trudeau/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">How Kim Cattrall got a date with Pierre Trudeau</a></li><li><a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0691174199/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=9325&amp;creativeASIN=0691174199&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=fourbeers-20&amp;linkId=2de900bd6e5eb7d339d6a040b7aa33d6" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Identity Crisis: The 2016 Presidential Campaign and the Battle for the Meaning of America: John Sides, Michael Tesler, Lynn Vavreck: 9780691174198: Amazon.com: Books</a></li></ul>

Episode 17: Why Trump Won

Yoel and Mickey welcome Paul Bloom to the podcast, who is not only a returning guest but also the Brooks and Suzanne Ragen Professor of Psychology at Yale University. We first give terrible advice on parenting. Does parenting affect happiness, relationship satisfaction, and meaning? Does parenting screw with prospective decision making because it leaves the decision maker utterly transformed? We next discuss perversity. Why do we enjoy doing transgressive things? Who is likely to be perverted? Is perversion ever a good strategy? Bonus: How would Paul rate Yoel on a scale of 1 to 5?Special Guest: Paul Bloom.Links:Parenthood and Marital Satisfaction: A Meta‐Analytic Review - Twenge - 2003 - Journal of Marriage and Family - Wiley Online Library — This meta‐analysis finds that parents report lower marital satisfaction compared with nonparentsLong-term effects of pregnancy and childbirth on sleep satisfaction and duration of first-time and experienced mothers and fathers. - PubMed - NCBI — Following the sharp decline in sleep satisfaction and duration in the first months postpartum, neither mothers' nor fathers' sleep fully recovers to prepregnancy levels up to 6 years after the birth of their first child.In Defense of Parenthood: Children Are Associated With More Joy Than Misery - S. Katherine Nelson, Kostadin Kushlev, Tammy English, Elizabeth W. Dunn, Sonja Lyubomirsky, 2013 — The results indicate that, contrary to previous reports, parents (and especially fathers) report relatively higher levels of happiness, positive emotion, and meaning in life than do nonparents.A Reassessment of the Defense of Parenthood — In this Commentary, we report a reanalysis of the data,which suggests that it is premature to abandon the ideathat children reduce happinessWHAT YOU CAN’T EXPECT WHEN YOU’RE EXPECTING — It seems natural to choose whether to have a child by reflecting on what it would be like to have one. I argue that choosing on this basis is not rational, raising general questions about our ordinary conception of howto make this life-changing decision.Idealizing Parenthood to Rationalize Parental Investments - Richard P. Eibach, Steven E. Mock, 2011 — Although raising children has largely negative effects on parents’ emotional well-being, parenthood is often idealized as a uniquely emotionally rewarding role. Break Music: St.Vincent - Smoking SectionThe Strange Appeal of Perverse Actions — Why do we enjoy doing things for no good reason?

Yoel and Mickey welcome Paul Bloom to the podcast, who is not only a returning guest but also the Brooks and Suzanne Ragen Professor of Psychology at Yale University. We first give terrible advice on parenting. Does parenting affect happiness, relationship satisfaction, and meaning? Does parenting screw with prospective decision making because it leaves the decision maker utterly transformed? We next discuss perversity. Why do we enjoy doing transgressive things? Who is likely to be perverted? Is perversion ever a good strategy? Bonus: How would Paul rate Yoel on a scale of 1 to 5?Special Guest: Paul Bloom.Links:<ul><li><a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2003.00574.x" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Parenthood and Marital Satisfaction: A Meta‐Analytic Review - Twenge - 2003 - Journal of Marriage and Family - Wiley Online Library</a> — This meta‐analysis finds that parents report lower marital satisfaction compared with nonparents</li><li><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30649536" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Long-term effects of pregnancy and childbirth on sleep satisfaction and duration of first-time and experienced mothers and fathers. - PubMed - NCBI</a> — Following the sharp decline in sleep satisfaction and duration in the first months postpartum, neither mothers' nor fathers' sleep fully recovers to prepregnancy levels up to 6 years after the birth of their first child.</li><li><a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0956797612447798?journalCode=pssa" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">In Defense of Parenthood: Children Are Associated With More Joy Than Misery - S. Katherine Nelson, Kostadin Kushlev, Tammy English, Elizabeth W. Dunn, Sonja Lyubomirsky, 2013</a> — The results indicate that, contrary to previous reports, parents (and especially fathers) report relatively higher levels of happiness, positive emotion, and meaning in life than do nonparents.</li><li><a href="https://www.cmu.edu/dietrich/sds/docs/loewenstein/DefenseParenthood.pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">A Reassessment of the Defense of Parenthood</a> — In this Commentary, we report a reanalysis of the data, which suggests that it is premature to abandon the idea that children reduce happiness</li><li><a href="https://www.lapaul.org/papers/whatCantExpect.pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">WHAT YOU CAN’T EXPECT WHEN YOU’RE EXPECTING</a> — It seems natural to choose whether to have a child by reflecting on what it would be like to have one. I argue that choosing on this basis is not rational, raising general questions about our ordinary conception of how to make this life-changing decision.</li><li><a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0956797610397057?journalCode=pssa" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Idealizing Parenthood to Rationalize Parental Investments - Richard P. Eibach, Steven E. Mock, 2011</a> — Although raising children has largely negative effects on parents’ emotional well-being, parenthood is often idealized as a uniquely emotionally rewarding role. </li><li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r6kIN1P2CU8" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Break Music: St.Vincent - Smoking Section</a></li><li><a href="https://www.newyorker.com/culture/annals-of-inquiry/perverse-incentives" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">The Strange Appeal of Perverse Actions</a> — Why do we enjoy doing things for no good reason?</li></ul>

Episode 26: Terrible Advice (with Paul Bloom)

Yoel and Mickey discuss Kill All Normies, a book written by Angela Nagle about the online culture wars, the rise of transgressive politics, and the disappearance of moderates. But, first they discuss a new journal article titled The Paradox of Viral Outrage suggesting that online pile-ons tend to backfire   Bonus: What does Mickey really think about Christina Hoff Sommers?Links:Quillette Social in TorontoQuilletteThe Paradox of Viral Outrage - Takuya Sawaoka, Benoît Monin, 2018 — Moral outrage has traditionally served a valuable social function, expressing group values and inhibiting deviant behavior, but the exponential dynamics of Internet postings make this expression of legitimate individual outrage appear excessive and unjust.Kill All Normies || Angela Nagle — How internet subcultures are conquering the mainstream, from from 4chan and Tumblr to Trump and the alt-right.Yelp Reviewers’ Use of ‘Authenticity’ Is White Supremacy in Action - Eater NY — According to a study of Yelp reviews for NYC restaurants, judging restaurants by “authenticity” tends to put non-white owners in a trapIs a Planned Monument to Women’s Rights Racist? - The New York Times — "I do think we cannot have a statue of two white women representing the vote for all women,” 

Yoel and Mickey discuss Kill All Normies, a book written by Angela Nagle about the online culture wars, the rise of transgressive politics, and the disappearance of moderates. But, first they discuss a new journal article titled The Paradox of Viral Outrage suggesting that online pile-ons tend to backfire Bonus: What does Mickey really think about Christina Hoff Sommers?Links:<ul><li><a href="https://litigationguy.wordpress.com/2019/01/18/d-jared-brown-attends-quillette-social-in-toronto-publication-for-free-thinkers-and-ideas/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Quillette Social in Toronto</a></li><li><a href="https://quillette.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Quillette</a></li><li><a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0956797618780658?journalCode=pssa" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">The Paradox of Viral Outrage - Takuya Sawaoka, Benoît Monin, 2018</a> — Moral outrage has traditionally served a valuable social function, expressing group values and inhibiting deviant behavior, but the exponential dynamics of Internet postings make this expression of legitimate individual outrage appear excessive and unjust.</li><li><a href="http://www.zero-books.net/books/kill-all-normies" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Kill All Normies || Angela Nagle</a> — How internet subcultures are conquering the mainstream, from from 4chan and Tumblr to Trump and the alt-right.</li><li><a href="https://ny.eater.com/2019/1/18/18183973/authenticity-yelp-reviews-white-supremacy-trap" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Yelp Reviewers’ Use of ‘Authenticity’ Is White Supremacy in Action - Eater NY</a> — According to a study of Yelp reviews for NYC restaurants, judging restaurants by “authenticity” tends to put non-white owners in a trap</li><li><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/17/nyregion/is-a-planned-monument-to-womens-rights-racist.html?smprod=nytcore-ipad&amp;smid=nytcore-ipad-share" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Is a Planned Monument to Women’s Rights Racist? - The New York Times</a> — "I do think we cannot have a statue of two white women representing the vote for all women,” </li></ul>

Episode 19: Two Normies Four Beers

Jesse Singal

Journalist Jesse Singal joins Yoel and Mickey to talk about the state of science journalism, what he thinks is wrong with how people interpret the Implicit Association Test (IAT), and the pros and cons of moral outrage. Why do so many science journalists simply repeat talking points from university press releases? Is it ethical to administer the IAT as a teaching tool? What is social media like for a journalist?  Bonus: Yoel, Mickey, &amp; Jesse discuss a new paper arguing there are upsides to moral outrage.Special Guest: Jesse Singal.Links:Dunham Orange de DunhamBrasserie Dunham — Dunham brewery was founded on June 1st 2011. Our portfolio reflect our passion for this fine nectar.Jesse Singal (@jessesingal) | TwitterThe Upside of Outrage: Trends in Cognitive Sciences — The Upside of OutrageOnline outrage: The good, the bad, and the uglyScience of Us: Productivity, Mental Health, &amp; Relationships - The CutPsychology’s Racism-Measuring Tool Isn’t Up to the Job -- Science of Us — Almost two decades after its introduction, the implicit association test has failed to deliver on its lofty promises.How to Think about "Implicit Bias" - Scientific American — Amidst a controversy, it’s important to remember that implicit bias is real—and it mattersBlindspotDisproportionate Use of Lethal Force in Policing Is Associated With Regional Racial Biases of ResidentsBoston Celtics vs Toronto Raptors | October 19, 2018 - YouTube

Journalist Jesse Singal joins Yoel and Mickey to talk about the state of science journalism, what he thinks is wrong with how people interpret the Implicit Association Test (IAT), and the pros and cons of moral outrage. Why do so many science journalists simply repeat talking points from university press releases? Is it ethical to administer the IAT as a teaching tool? What is social media like for a journalist? Bonus: Yoel, Mickey, &amp; Jesse discuss a new paper arguing there are upsides to moral outrage.Special Guest: Jesse Singal.Links:<ul><li><a href="https://www.ratebeer.com/beer/dunham-orange-de-dunham/367439/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Dunham Orange de Dunham</a></li><li><a href="http://brasseriedunham.com/?lang=en#brewery" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Brasserie Dunham</a> — Dunham brewery was founded on June 1st 2011. Our portfolio reflect our passion for this fine nectar.</li><li><a href="https://twitter.com/jessesingal" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Jesse Singal (@jessesingal) | Twitter</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cell.com/trends/cognitive-sciences/fulltext/S1364-6613(18)30224-9?_returnURL=https%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS1364661318302249%3Fshowall%3Dtrue" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">The Upside of Outrage: Trends in Cognitive Sciences</a> — The Upside of Outrage</li><li><a href="https://psyarxiv.com/knw5g" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Online outrage: The good, the bad, and the ugly</a></li><li><a href="https://www.thecut.com/scienceofus/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Science of Us: Productivity, Mental Health, &amp; Relationships - The Cut</a></li><li><a href="https://www.thecut.com/2017/01/psychologys-racism-measuring-tool-isnt-up-to-the-job.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Psychology’s Racism-Measuring Tool Isn’t Up to the Job -- Science of Us</a> — Almost two decades after its introduction, the implicit association test has failed to deliver on its lofty promises.</li><li><a href="https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-to-think-about-implicit-bias/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">How to Think about "Implicit Bias" - Scientific American</a> — Amidst a controversy, it’s important to remember that implicit bias is real—and it matters</li><li><a href="http://blindspot.fas.harvard.edu/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Blindspot</a></li><li><a href="http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1948550617711229?journalCode=sppa" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Disproportionate Use of Lethal Force in Policing Is Associated With Regional Racial Biases of Residents</a></li><li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C3A7bh0VcPU&amp;feature=onebox" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Boston Celtics vs Toronto Raptors | October 19, 2018 - YouTube</a></li></ul>

Episode 13: What's Wrong with the IAT? (with Jesse Singal)

Alice Dreger

Yoel and Mickey welcome author, journalist, historian, and bioethicist Alice Dreger to the show. Alice, who wrote Galileo’s Middle Finger, discusses how her upbringing, her academic background, and her own Galilean personality led her to piss so many people off in the service of serving both truth and justice. Can academics pursue both truth and justice? What is a Galilean personality? Do activists pollute science? Why did Alice refuse to be lumped in with the so-called Intellectual Dark Web? How can we improve the way newspapers work? Bonus: Why did Yoel and Mickey create an (Alice approved) drinking podcast?Special Guest: Alice Dreger.Links:Corona Extra | LCBOGlutenberg Craft BreweryAlice Domurat DregerGalileo's Middle Finger: Heretics, Activists, and One Scholar's Search for Justice (9780143108115): Alice Dreger: BooksCriticism of a Gender Theory, and a Scientist Under Siege - The New York Times — In academic feuds, as in war, there is no telling how far people will go once the shooting starts.Why I Escaped the ‘Intellectual Dark Web’ - The Chronicle of Higher Education — Pissing off progressives isn’t intellectual progressEast Lansing Info

Yoel and Mickey welcome author, journalist, historian, and bioethicist Alice Dreger to the show. Alice, who wrote Galileo’s Middle Finger, discusses how her upbringing, her academic background, and her own Galilean personality led her to piss so many people off in the service of serving both truth and justice. Can academics pursue both truth and justice? What is a Galilean personality? Do activists pollute science? Why did Alice refuse to be lumped in with the so-called Intellectual Dark Web? How can we improve the way newspapers work? Bonus: Why did Yoel and Mickey create an (Alice approved) drinking podcast?Special Guest: Alice Dreger.Links:<ul><li><a href="http://www.lcbo.com/lcbo/product/corona-extra/186510" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Corona Extra | LCBO</a></li><li><a href="https://glutenberg.ca/en" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Glutenberg Craft Brewery</a></li><li><a href="http://www.alicedreger.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Alice Domurat Dreger</a></li><li><a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0143108115/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=9325&amp;creativeASIN=0143108115&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=fourbeers-20&amp;linkId=6b6fc8a197f68d2eb1deadd391692ea9" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Galileo's Middle Finger: Heretics, Activists, and One Scholar's Search for Justice (9780143108115): Alice Dreger: Books</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2007/08/21/health/psychology/21gender.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Criticism of a Gender Theory, and a Scientist Under Siege - The New York Times</a> — In academic feuds, as in war, there is no telling how far people will go once the shooting starts.</li><li><a href="https://www.chronicle.com/article/Why-I-Escaped-the/243399" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Why I Escaped the ‘Intellectual Dark Web’ - The Chronicle of Higher Education</a> — Pissing off progressives isn’t intellectual progress</li><li><a href="https://eastlansinginfo.org/contribute" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">East Lansing Info</a></li></ul>

Episode 9: Giving the Finger (with Alice Dreger)

Yoel and Mickey sit down with Anne Wilson of Wilfrid Laurier University to discuss free speech, the Lindsay Shepherd case, political polarization, #MeToo, and more. Bonus: how many tattoos does Mickey have, and is that why he's less trustworthy?Special Guest: Anne Wilson.Links:The death of the Montreal bagel? - The Globe and MailIMPETuS Lab | Anne Wilson's Social Psychology LabInside Lindsay Shepherd’s controversial battle over free speech on campusGOODBYE TO THE LEFT - YouTube — Lindsay Shepherd says goodbye to the leftSocial Justice And Words, Words, Words | Slate Star CodexDartmouth students sue college, alleging sexual assault by professors - The Boston GlobeWhat can we learn from Dartmouth?When Does a Watershed Become a Sex Panic? | The New YorkerWaking Up Podcast #141 - Is #MeToo Going Too Far?The Truth About Tattoos by Bradley J. Ruffle, Anne Wilson :: SSRN

Yoel and Mickey sit down with Anne Wilson of Wilfrid Laurier University to discuss free speech, the Lindsay Shepherd case, political polarization, #MeToo, and more. Bonus: how many tattoos does Mickey have, and is that why he's less trustworthy?Special Guest: Anne Wilson.Links:<ul><li><a href="https://www.theglobeandmail.com/opinion/article-the-death-of-the-montreal-bagel/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">The death of the Montreal bagel? - The Globe and Mail</a></li><li><a href="https://www.annewilsonpsychlab.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">IMPETuS Lab | Anne Wilson's Social Psychology Lab</a></li><li><a href="https://www.macleans.ca/lindsay-shepherd-wilfrid-laurier/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Inside Lindsay Shepherd’s controversial battle over free speech on campus</a></li><li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qpg6P1PNWR8" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">GOODBYE TO THE LEFT - YouTube</a> — Lindsay Shepherd says goodbye to the left</li><li><a href="http://slatestarcodex.com/2014/07/07/social-justice-and-words-words-words/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Social Justice And Words, Words, Words | Slate Star Codex</a></li><li><a href="https://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2018/11/15/lawsuit-describes-century-animal-house-dartmouth-college/OVtrcSKDRJFTAWdvOWsyfL/story.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Dartmouth students sue college, alleging sexual assault by professors - The Boston Globe</a></li><li><a href="https://www.sciencemag.org/careers/2018/11/what-can-we-learn-dartmouth" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">What can we learn from Dartmouth?</a></li><li><a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/our-columnists/when-does-a-watershed-become-a-sex-panic" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">When Does a Watershed Become a Sex Panic? | The New Yorker</a></li><li><a href="https://samharris.org/podcasts/141-metoo-going-far/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Waking Up Podcast #141 - Is #MeToo Going Too Far?</a></li><li><a href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3198397" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">The Truth About Tattoos by Bradley J. Ruffle, Anne Wilson :: SSRN</a></li></ul>

Episode 16: How Polarized Are We? (with Anne Wilson)

Sarah Haider

Yoel and Mickey talk with Sarah Haider, the co-founder and Executive Director of Ex-Muslims of North America, an organization that advocates for the acceptance of religious dissent and supports those who leave Islam. Sarah talks about her own experience of growing up Muslim and leaving her faith; the unique predicament of and risks for Muslim dissenters; and how US partisan politics make her work more difficult. Bonus: Sarah gives Mickey pointers on how to avoid using Twitter as an outrage machine, a lesson he sorely needs.Special Guest: Sarah Haider.Links:Ex-Muslims of North America — We Envision A World Where Every Person Is Free To Follow Their ConscienceSarah Haider: Islam and the Necessity of Liberal Critique (AHA Conference 2015) - YouTube — Presented at the American Humanist Association 74th Annual Conference, May 7-10, 2015, in Denver, Colorado.Ex-Muslims: They left Islam and now tour the US to talk about it - BBC NewsIslam’s Ex Factor: An Interview with Sarah Haider and Muhammad Syed - TheHumanist.comShould Muslims Like Me Be So Critical of Ex-Muslims? - YouTubeList of ex-Muslim organisations - Wikipedia

Yoel and Mickey talk with Sarah Haider, the co-founder and Executive Director of Ex-Muslims of North America, an organization that advocates for the acceptance of religious dissent and supports those who leave Islam. Sarah talks about her own experience of growing up Muslim and leaving her faith; the unique predicament of and risks for Muslim dissenters; and how US partisan politics make her work more difficult. Bonus: Sarah gives Mickey pointers on how to avoid using Twitter as an outrage machine, a lesson he sorely needs.Special Guest: Sarah Haider.Links:<ul><li><a href="https://exmuslims.org/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Ex-Muslims of North America</a> — We Envision A World Where Every Person Is Free To Follow Their Conscience</li><li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0plC24YuoJk" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Sarah Haider: Islam and the Necessity of Liberal Critique (AHA Conference 2015) - YouTube</a> — Presented at the American Humanist Association 74th Annual Conference, May 7-10, 2015, in Denver, Colorado.</li><li><a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-42090104" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Ex-Muslims: They left Islam and now tour the US to talk about it - BBC News</a></li><li><a href="https://thehumanist.com/magazine/september-october-2016/features/islams-ex-factor-interview-sarah-haider-muhammad-syed" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Islam’s Ex Factor: An Interview with Sarah Haider and Muhammad Syed - TheHumanist.com</a></li><li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2bVA6TbSGUU&amp;feature=youtu.be" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Should Muslims Like Me Be So Critical of Ex-Muslims? - YouTube</a></li><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ex-Muslim_organisations" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">List of ex-Muslim organisations - Wikipedia</a></li></ul>

Episode 20: Apostasy and Dissent (with Sarah Haider)

Yoel and Mickey discuss two mini-controversies recently in the news: 1) Should equity, diversity, and inclusion statements be required from academic job candidates? Do they signal the liberal values of academia, and if so, is that a bad thing? 2) Are psychologists disproportionately likely to argue that free speech is in crisis on campus? If so, why? Bonus: Mickey describes an intimate product that he definitely does not own.Links:Kenneth DeMarree - Department of Psychology - University at BuffaloBare Spray – A Hit for Your Naughty Bits🐙🛐Will Gervais🛐🐙 on Twitter — "Academia has some bleak and pessimistic takes on political conservatives. This is bad. In my opinion, “diversity statements discriminate against conservatives” is one of those bleak and pessimistic takes."Clay Routledge on Twitter — "Also, I think many conservatives support diversity and inclusion but there is published research showing many liberal academics would discriminate against conservative applicants so they might need to be careful to express the "correct" approach in their statements.… https://t.co/4A4kGKRZA2"Writing Your Diversity Statement — The goal of the diversity statement is to show how your past experiences have made you a diverse candidate, and how you’ll apply that diverse perspective at your target institution in your future research and teaching pursuitsJeffrey Sachs on TwitterThe Scholar's Stage: Why Is the Fight for Free Speech Led by the Psychologists? — Here’s a puzzle I think about a lot. If any academic field is associated with the contemporary debate surrounding free speech, it’s psychology. Haidt, Pinker, Peterson, Saad, Jussim, even Lehmann. All specialize or have backgrounds in academic psych. So what’s the puzzle?

Yoel and Mickey discuss two mini-controversies recently in the news: 1) Should equity, diversity, and inclusion statements be required from academic job candidates? Do they signal the liberal values of academia, and if so, is that a bad thing? 2) Are psychologists disproportionately likely to argue that free speech is in crisis on campus? If so, why? Bonus: Mickey describes an intimate product that he definitely does not own.Links:<ul><li><a href="https://arts-sciences.buffalo.edu/psychology/faculty/faculty-directory/demarree.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Kenneth DeMarree - Department of Psychology - University at Buffalo</a></li><li><a href="http://www.barespray.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Bare Spray – A Hit for Your Naughty Bits</a></li><li><a href="https://twitter.com/wgervais/status/1061664191537442816" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">🐙🛐Will Gervais🛐🐙 on Twitter</a> — "Academia has some bleak and pessimistic takes on political conservatives. This is bad. In my opinion, “diversity statements discriminate against conservatives” is one of those bleak and pessimistic takes."</li><li><a href="https://twitter.com/clayroutledge/status/1061388474027261952" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Clay Routledge on Twitter</a> — "Also, I think many conservatives support diversity and inclusion but there is published research showing many liberal academics would discriminate against conservative applicants so they might need to be careful to express the "correct" approach in their statements.… <a href="https://t.co/4A4kGKRZA2" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">https://t.co/4A4kGKRZA2</a>"</li><li><a href="https://www.cmu.edu/gcc/handouts/diversity-statement-pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Writing Your Diversity Statement</a> — The goal of the diversity statement is to show how your past experiences have made you a diverse candidate, and how you’ll apply that diverse perspective at your target institution in your future research and teaching pursuits</li><li><a href="https://twitter.com/JeffreyASachs/status/1058412303727685632" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Jeffrey Sachs on Twitter</a></li><li><a href="https://scholars-stage.blogspot.com/2018/11/why-is-fight-free-speech-led-by.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">The Scholar's Stage: Why Is the Fight for Free Speech Led by the Psychologists?</a> — Here’s a puzzle I think about a lot. If any academic field is associated with the contemporary debate surrounding free speech, it’s psychology. Haidt, Pinker, Peterson, Saad, Jussim, even Lehmann. All specialize or have backgrounds in academic psych. So what’s the puzzle?</li></ul>

Episode 15: Just When You Think You're Out

Nick Hobson

Mickey and Yoel chat with Nick Hobson, a psychologist who has moved from academia to applying behavioral science in the real world. What are some of the challenges that face academics-turned-practitioners? How can you apply psychological research in a rigorous way while, at the same time, keeping the bosses happy? We talk to Nick to find out. Plus: Yoel's eventful evening, and microdosing.Special Guest: Nick Hobson.Links:A Smiling Serial Shitter Is Terrorizing Toronto - VICECall Me | chipmunks on 16 speedThe Behaviorist‎It's All Just a Bunch of BS on Apple Podcasts

Mickey and Yoel chat with Nick Hobson, a psychologist who has moved from academia to applying behavioral science in the real world. What are some of the challenges that face academics-turned-practitioners? How can you apply psychological research in a rigorous way while, at the same time, keeping the bosses happy? We talk to Nick to find out. Plus: Yoel's eventful evening, and microdosing.Special Guest: Nick Hobson.Links:<ul><li><a href="https://www.vice.com/en_ca/article/gyza7b/a-smiling-serial-shitter-is-terrorizing-toronto" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">A Smiling Serial Shitter Is Terrorizing Toronto - VICE</a></li><li><a href="https://chipmunkson16speed.bandcamp.com/track/call-me" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Call Me | chipmunks on 16 speed</a></li><li><a href="https://www.behaviorist.biz/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">The Behaviorist</a></li><li><a href="https://podcasts.apple.com/ca/podcast/its-all-just-a-bunch-of-bs/id1482805515?mt=2&amp;app=podcast" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">‎It's All Just a Bunch of BS on Apple Podcasts</a></li></ul>

Episode 36: Psychological Science Meets the Real World (with Nick Hobson)

Yoel and Mickey declare war on Christmas, discuss US-Canada differences, and almost entirely avoid serious topics. Bonus semi-serious topic: are all theories in psychology bound to be true?Links:Kitchen Party | Big Spruce Brewing | BeerAdvocateAn Additional Future for Psychological Science - William J. McGuire, 2013Adam Green - Dreidels Of Fire - YouTube

Yoel and Mickey declare war on Christmas, discuss US-Canada differences, and almost entirely avoid serious topics. Bonus semi-serious topic: are all theories in psychology bound to be true?Links:<ul><li><a href="https://www.beeradvocate.com/beer/profile/32255/103803/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Kitchen Party | Big Spruce Brewing | BeerAdvocate</a></li><li><a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1745691613491270" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">An Additional Future for Psychological Science - William J. McGuire, 2013</a></li><li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1PXb6kgqXNk&amp;feature=youtu.be" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Adam Green - Dreidels Of Fire - YouTube</a></li></ul>

Episode 37: The War on Christmas Holiday Special

Yoel and Mickey discuss a new paper by Tal Yarkoni suggesting that quantitative research in psychology is suffering from a generaliozability crisis. Do the numbers and statistics that psychological scientists present in their papers correspond to their verbal claims? What would psychological science look like if psychologists made fewer general statements? Should psychologists conduct more qualitative and descriptive research? Did Tal Yarkoni himself use a quantitative argument to prop up very old verbal claims about the problem of induction?  Bonus: Before discussing generalizability, Yoel and Mickey discuss Contrapoints and her new video on cancel-culture.Links:DEVIL'S TRILL XII: CYPRESS TRILL — Blood BrothersCanceling | ContraPoints - YouTubeTrashing: The Dark Side of SisterhoodCancel Culture Is Not Real—At Least Not in the Way You Think | TimeAllo Darlin - Tallulah - YouTubePsyArXiv Preprints | The Generalizability CrisisThe Rise and Fall of Social Psychology: The Use and Misuse of the Experimental Method: Augustine Brannigan: 0000202307433: Books - Amazon.caPsyArXiv Preprints | Strong Effort Manipulations Reduce Response Caution: A Preregistered Reinvention of the Ego-Depletion Paradigm

Yoel and Mickey discuss a new paper by Tal Yarkoni suggesting that quantitative research in psychology is suffering from a generaliozability crisis. Do the numbers and statistics that psychological scientists present in their papers correspond to their verbal claims? What would psychological science look like if psychologists made fewer general statements? Should psychologists conduct more qualitative and descriptive research? Did Tal Yarkoni himself use a quantitative argument to prop up very old verbal claims about the problem of induction? Bonus: Before discussing generalizability, Yoel and Mickey discuss Contrapoints and her new video on cancel-culture.Links:<ul><li><a href="http://www.bloodbrothersbrewing.com/bottleonlineshop/devils-trill-xii-cypress-trill-355-ml-4-pack" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">DEVIL'S TRILL XII: CYPRESS TRILL — Blood Brothers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OjMPJVmXxV8" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Canceling | ContraPoints - YouTube</a></li><li><a href="https://www.jofreeman.com/joreen/trashing.htm" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Trashing: The Dark Side of Sisterhood</a></li><li><a href="https://time.com/5735403/cancel-culture-is-not-real/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Cancel Culture Is Not Real—At Least Not in the Way You Think | Time</a></li><li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1KtlzdrKd-8" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Allo Darlin - Tallulah - YouTube</a></li><li><a href="https://psyarxiv.com/jqw35" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">PsyArXiv Preprints | The Generalizability Crisis</a></li><li><a href="https://www.amazon.ca/Rise-Fall-Social-Psychology-Experimental/dp/0202307433" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">The Rise and Fall of Social Psychology: The Use and Misuse of the Experimental Method: Augustine Brannigan: 0000202307433: Books - Amazon.ca</a></li><li><a href="https://psyarxiv.com/dysa5/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">PsyArXiv Preprints | Strong Effort Manipulations Reduce Response Caution: A Preregistered Reinvention of the Ego-Depletion Paradigm</a></li></ul>

Episode 38: Is There a Generalizability Crisis?

Clay Routledge

Yoel and Mickey welcome Clay Routledge to the show. Clay is a professor of psychology at North Dakota State University who studies the cognitive and motivational consequences of the search for meaning, including religion and other supernatural beliefs. Clay talks about his childhood growing up as the child of missionaries in Africa and the U.S., what it's like to be outside the liberal mainstream in psychology, and how religion and belief in alien visitors may be connected.Special Guest: Clay Routledge.Links:Junkyard Brewing Company | Small craft brewery in Moorhead, MNFlensburger Brauerei — FLENSBURGER BREWERYPremium-quality beers from Northern GermanyClay Routledge — Behavioral Scientist, Author, Consultant, ProfessorClay Routledge (@clayroutledge) | TwitterThe Campus Left vs. the Mentally Ill - WSJ — Berkeley offers counseling to those upset by a guest speaker. Other students have genuine problemsSocial Justice in the Shadows - QuilletteSupernatural: Death, Meaning, and the Power of the Invisible WorldDon't Believe in God? Maybe You'll Try UFOs - The New York TimesSuicides Have Increased. Is This an Existential Crisis?

Yoel and Mickey welcome Clay Routledge to the show. Clay is a professor of psychology at North Dakota State University who studies the cognitive and motivational consequences of the search for meaning, including religion and other supernatural beliefs. Clay talks about his childhood growing up as the child of missionaries in Africa and the U.S., what it's like to be outside the liberal mainstream in psychology, and how religion and belief in alien visitors may be connected.Special Guest: Clay Routledge.Links:<ul><li><a href="https://www.junkyardbeer.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Junkyard Brewing Company | Small craft brewery in Moorhead, MN</a></li><li><a href="http://www.flens.co.uk/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Flensburger Brauerei</a> — FLENSBURGER BREWERY Premium-quality beers from Northern Germany</li><li><a href="https://www.clayroutledge.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Clay Routledge</a> — Behavioral Scientist, Author, Consultant, Professor</li><li><a href="https://twitter.com/clayroutledge" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Clay Routledge (@clayroutledge) | Twitter</a></li><li><a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-campus-left-vs-the-mentally-ill-1505343051" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">The Campus Left vs. the Mentally Ill - WSJ</a> — Berkeley offers counseling to those upset by a guest speaker. Other students have genuine problems</li><li><a href="https://quillette.com/2018/09/14/social-justice-in-the-shadows/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Social Justice in the Shadows - Quillette</a></li><li><a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0190629428/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=9325&amp;creativeASIN=0190629428&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=fourbeers-20&amp;linkId=7eb71b15b53a6293e08746339c83225d" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Supernatural: Death, Meaning, and the Power of the Invisible World</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/21/opinion/sunday/dont-believe-in-god-maybe-youll-try-ufos.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Don't Believe in God? Maybe You'll Try UFOs - The New York Times</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/23/opinion/sunday/suicide-rate-existential-crisis.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Suicides Have Increased. Is This an Existential Crisis?</a></li></ul>

Episode 10: Conservative Social Psychologist Wanted (with Clay Routledge)

The best episodes for anyone looking to learn more about topics such as happiness, fulfillment, depression and psychology/mental health in general. With interviews with industry experts, personal stories of individuals, this topic has lessons applicable to everyone. Add episodes you're interested into your queue below!

Best Episodes on Mental Health, Emotions & Thoughts

The best self improvement podcast episodes. From improving productivity, to finding purpose in your life to what constitutes freedom, this topic is on anything and everything that can help people to improve their lives. Add episodes you're interested into your queue below!